Table 2. Characteristic Desorption and Internalization Times for the 2D Experiments^a.

particle	characteristic desorption time (s)	characteristic internalization time (s)
HEK Cells
40 nm	1	1
100 nm	1	2
200 nm	2	—
MDA-MB-231 Cells
100 nm	0.7	1.3

^aTo characterize the distributions (Figure 3), we fitted the equation N(t) = N₀ exp(−t/τ), where τ is the characteristic time, to the data. As an alternative, we also used the mean time (Table S3 in the Supporting Information), but this measure is sensitive to outliers.