In vitro assessments of targeting efficiency,
cellular uptake,
and genome-editing efficiency. (A) Schematic image of the BBB model
in vitro. (B) Immunofluorescence images detected unmod-EVs, Ang-EVs,
TAT-EVs and Ang/TAT-EVs uptake into LN229 cells after passing through
a bEnd.3 monolayer. Scale bar, 10 μm. (C) The cellular internalization
of the EVs were detected by flow cytometry. (D) The penetrating efficacy
of Ang/TAT-sgGSS-EVs was evaluated in PDOs. (E) Frequency of GSS indel
mutation. (F) Sequencing results of GSS gene editing in PDOs. (G)
Detection of living and dead cells in PDOs. (H) The ratio of oxidized
to nonoxidized lipids was assessed by flow cytometry. (I) The expression
level of lipid peroxidation products (MDA). (J) Liperfluo staining
visualized lipid ROS in cells after treatment. (K) The mitochondrial
membrane potential MMP (Δψm) after treatment.