Table 1.
Senescence-associated secretory phenotypes components involved in AT2 cell senescence and lung fibrosis
| Classification | Factors | References |
|---|---|---|
| Inflammatory factors | IL-1α, IL-1β | (63) |
| IL-4 | (64) | |
| IL-6, IL-11 | (65, 66, 67–69) | |
| IL-8 | (63) | |
| IL-13 | (70, 71, 72) | |
| TNFα | (66, 68, 69) | |
| Chemokines | CCL2, CCL5, CCL17 | (73, 74) |
| Cytokines | TGFβ1 | (65, 70, 75, 68) |
| PDGF | (66, 70) | |
| IGFBP3, IGFBP4 | (76) | |
| Proteinases and inhibitors | MMP-2, MMP-9 | (77, 69) |
| MMP-9 | (63, 69) | |
| MMP-12 | (76) | |
| PAI-1 | (78, 79, 70) | |
| Nonprotein | mitoROS | (80) |
AT2, alveolar type 2; CCL, chemokine (CC motif) ligand; IGFBP, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2; mitoROS, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; PAI-1, plasma activator inhibitor-1; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; TGFβ1, transforming growth factor β1; TNFa, tumor necrotic factor.