Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and descriptive statistics on the performance on neuropsychological assessments of the normative sample (NS; N = 3267)
| Age* (in years) |
N 3267 |
M 46.99 |
SD 14.61 |
Median 48 |
Range 18–86 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age Groups | 18–25 | 25–29 | 30–34 | 35–39 | 40–44 | 45–49 | 50–54 | 55–59 | 60–64 | > 64 |
| N (%) | 209 (6.4) | 256 (7.8) | 323 (9.9) | 321 (9.8) | 310 (9.5) | 344 (10.5) | 396 (12.1) | 368 (11.3) | 323 (9.9) | 417 (12.8) |
| Gender* | Female | Male |
|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 1978 (60.5) | 1289 (39.5) |
| Education levels | ISCED 0 | ISCED 1 | ISCED 2 | ISCED 3 | ISCED 4 | ISCED 5 | ISCED 6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 5 (0.1) | 76 (2.3) | 273 (8.4) | 890 (27.2) | 704(21.6) | 1227 (37.6) | 92 (2.8) |
| Years of education* | N | M | SD | Median | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (in years) | 3267 | 14.66 | 3.27 | 14 | 1–24 |
| Education years | ≤ 12 years | > 12 years |
|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 852 (26.1) | 2415 (73.9) |
| Laterality | Right-handed | Left-handed | Mixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 2933 (89.8) | 253 (7.7) | 81 (2.5) |
| Language | English | German | Spanish | Italian | Polish | Canadian French | French | Dutch | Latino Spanish | Danish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 1808 (55.3) | 639 (19.6) | 299 (9.2) | 238 (7.3) | 98 (3.0) | 70 (2.1) | 21 (0.6) | 46 (1.4) | 29 (0.9) | 19 (0.6) |
| Ethnicity | Caucasian | American Black | Hispano or Latino Origin | American Indian/Native American | Asian | Mixed | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 3031 (92.8) | 28 (0.9) | 81 (2.5) | 18 (0.6) | 19 (0.6) | 44 (1.4) | 46 (1.4) |
| Cognitive performance measures | N | M | SD | Median | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symbol Digit Modalities Test | 3248 | 50.7 | 11.7 | 51.0 | 0–101 |
| Category Fluency Test | 3243 | 22.2 | 5.5 | 22.0 | 3–48 |
| Stroop Color Naming Test | 3237 | 75.4 | 14.1 | 75.0 | 0–140 |
| Stroop Word Reading Test | 3242 | 96.4 | 17.1 | 98.0 | 2–168 |
| Stroop Interference Test | 3059 | 43.2 | 11.2 | 43.0 | 0–119 |
| Trail Making Test, Part A Test | 2759 | 27.1 | 15.1 | 24.0 | 8–240 |
| Trail Making Test, Part B | 2754 | 57.6 | 32.7 | 49.0 | 16–240 |
| Letter Fluency Test | 2726 | 41.6 | 12.4 | 41.0 | 7–94 |
| Mini-Mental Status Examination | 2355 | 29.3 | 0.9 | 30.0 | 27–30 |
N number of participants, M mean, SD standard deviation, ISCED International Standard Classification of Education, ISCED 0 early childhood education, ISCED 1 primary education, ISCED 2 lower secondary education, ISCED 3 upper secondary education, ISCED 4 post-secondary education, ISCED 5 short-cycle tertiary education, ISCED 6 bachelor’s degree or equivalent level
*Variables that were used as predictors for the regression-based norms