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. 2023 Sep 5;10:1196037. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1196037

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© 2023 Bakula.

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Operative time learning curve for laparoscopic HAR. A slope of −3.592 was determined, in the model that explained 53% of variance of operative time, and is statistically significant (R²= 0.580, Adj. R²= 0.533, F = 12.434, p = 0.008).