Table 1.
Summary of studies included in the review.
| Study | Country | Sample size | Group | study design | Intervention length | Exercise duration | Weekly sessions | Exergame | Emotional measure | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rosenberg et al. (36) | EUA | 19 | Depressive older adults | RCT | 12 | 35 min | 1 | Nintendo - Wii: “Sports” | Depression, Anxiety, Health-Related QoL | Improvement in depressive symptoms, mental health-related quality of life, but not physical health-related quality of life. |
| Lwin & Malik (37) | Singapore | 398 | Healthy children | RCT | 6 | 45 min | 1 | Nintendo - Wii: “Physical Exercise” | Attitude, Self-efficacy, Perceived Behavioral Control | Improvement in Attitude, Self-efficacy, and Perceived behavioral control. |
| Li et al. (38) | Singapore | 49 | Subthreshold Depressive patients | RCT | 6 | 1 h | 1 | Nintendo - Wii: “Bowling and Wii Golf” | Patient Health | Improvement in subthreshold Depression; Positive emotions; and Self-efficacy. |
| Huang et al. (39) | Taiwan | 337 | Healthy adults | RCT | 2 | 30 min | 1 | Microsoft - Xbox 360: ‘Your Shape: Fitness Evolved’ | Vigor, Happiness | Improvement on Vigor and Happiness. |
| Schumacher et al. (40) | Germany | 42 | Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation patients | Prospective randomized study | 1 | 30 min | 5 | Nintendo - Wii: “Sports” | Depression, Anxiety | Improvement in Depression and Anxiety. |
| Nguyen et al. (2018) | Taiwan | 337 | Healthy children | RCT | 2 | 30 min | 1 | Microsoft - Xbox 360: ‘Your Shape: Fitness Evolved’ | Happiness, Optimism | Improvement in Happiness (moderated by weight control but not by optimism). |
| Samendinger et al. (41) | EUA | 85 | Healthy adults | RCT | 1 | 30 min | 6 | Software-generated - “Cycling” | Motivation | Participants’ Enjoyment and Self-efficacy could predict the degree of Motivation. |
| Tollár et al. (42) | EUA | 74 | Parkinson’s patients | RCT | 5 | 1 h | 5 | Microsoft - Xbox 360: ‘Just dance’; ‘Kinect Adventures video game’ | Depression, Health-Related QoL | Improvement in Depression and Health-related QoL. |
| (43) | Taiwan | 337 | Healthy adults | RCT | 2 | 30 min | 1 | Microsoft - Xbox 360: ‘Your Shape Fitness Evolved’ | Happiness, Perceived energy, Relaxation | Improvement in Happiness, Perceived energy, and Relaxation. |
| Wan Yunus et al. (44) | Malaysia | 36 | Healthy adults | RCT | 6 | 30 min | 3 | Microsoft - Xbox 360: ‘Kinect Sports’ | Depression, Anxiety, Stress | Improvement in Stress. |
| Tollár et al. (45) | EUA | 68 | Multiple Sclerosis | RCT | 5 | 1 h | 5 | Microsoft - Xbox 360: ‘Kinect Adventures’ | Depression, Health-Related QoL | Improvement in Depression and Health-related QoL. |
| Zhou et al. (46) | Qatar | 73 | Hemodialysis patients | RCT | 4 | 30 min | 3 | BioSensics - “LEGSys” | Depression | Improvement in Depression. |
| Andrade et al. (47) | Brazil | 140 | Healthy children | RCT | 2 | less than 40 min | 1–2 | Microsoft - Xbox 360: ‘Just dance’ | Mood, Self-esteem | Improvement in Tension, Anger, Vigor and Self-esteem. |
| Deutsch et al. (48) | USA | 15 | Post-stroke patients | RCT | 1 | 8.5 min | 1 | Microsoft - Xbox 360: ‘Kinect Light Race” | Enjoyment | Improvement in Enjoyment. |
| Drazich et al. (49) | USA | 14 | Healthy older adults | Qualitative descriptive | 5 | 1 h | 3 | KATA Design Studio - “I am Dolphin” | Subjective Well Being | Improvement in Wellbeing. |
| Seo et al. (50) | South Korea | 70 | Overweight adults | RCT | 8 | 50 min | 3–5 | M2Me Co. - “VRFit Cycle Pop” | Depression | Improvement in Depression. |