Table 3. Result of binary logistic regression on factors associated with sleep deprivation^a.

Variables	Crude OR (95% CI)	P	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P
Age	1.07 (1.03∼1.12)	0.001**	1.05 (1.01∼1.10)	0.025*
Education
Junior college	Reference	–	Reference	–
College	0.98 (0.80∼1.22)	0.873	0.92 (0.72∼1.19)	0.535
Postgraduate	1.55 (1.04∼2.31)	0.032*	0.98 (0.54∼1.78)	0.943
Nap duration
0–15 min	Reference	–	Reference	–
16–30 min	1.17 (0.92∼1.51)	0.212	1.14 (0.88∼1.48)	0.307
31–60 min	1.37 (1.03∼1.81)	0.030*	1.29 (0.97∼1.74)	0.085
>60 min	2.76 (1.75∼4.34)	0.000***	2.35 (1.45∼3.80)	0.001**
Sleep duration on workdays and rest days
Same	Reference	–	Reference	–
Not the same	0.55 (0.45∼0.68)	0.000***	0.61 (0.49∼0.75)	0.000***
Workdays >Rest days	0.61 (0.42∼0.87)	0.006**	0.63 (0.43∼0.92)	0.017*
Rest days >Workdays	0.54 (0.44∼0.67)	0.000***	0.61 (0.48∼0.76)	0.000***
Accustomed to staying up late
No	Reference	–	Reference	–
Yes	0.44 (0.35∼0.55)	0.000***	0.45 (0.36∼0.57)	0.000***
Staying up late to work or study
No	Reference	–	Reference	–
Yes	0.61 (0.49∼0.76)	0.000***	0.62 (0.49∼0.78)	0.000***
Relationship issues
No	Reference	–	Reference	–
Yes	0.64 (0.45∼0.91)	0.012*	0.82 (0.57∼1.20)	0.310
The dormitory environment affects sleep
No	Reference	–	Reference	–
Yes	0.71 (0.56∼0.91)	0.006**	0.89 (0.68∼1.15)	0.358
Stressed out state
No	Reference	–	Reference	–
Yes	0.63 (0.49∼0.80)	0.000***	0.75 (0.58∼0.98)	0.036*
Repeated thoughts in bed
No	Reference	–	Reference	–
Yes	0.71 (0.57∼0.89)	0.002**	0.79 (0.62∼0.99)	0.044*
Mood problems
No	Reference	–	Reference	–
Yes	0.64 (0.47∼0.88)	0.006**	0.89 (0.62∼1.28)	0.534
Desire to coordinate multiple life roles
No	Reference	–	Reference	–
Yes	0.76 (0.59∼0.99)	0.044*	0.88 (0.67∼1.16)	0.357

Notes.

Reference is the reference variable.

OR

odds ratio

unadjusted OR

crude OR

95% CI

95% confidence interval

^aBinary logistic regression after adjusted OR, Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 = 5.491, P = 0.704; Nagelkerke R² = 0.097.

^*P < 0.05.

^**P < 0.01.

^***P < 0.001.