TABLE 1.
Frequency of visceral leishmaniasis in relation to sex, living area, risk factors for HIV-1 infection, CDC clinical category, and history of previous leishmaniasis
| Parameter | No. (%) of patients | No. (%) of patients with VLa | P value (univariate) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Male | 239 (82) | 31 (13) | 0.02 |
| Female | 52 (18) | 1 (1.9) | |
| Living area | |||
| Rural | 87 (30) | 10 (11.5) | |
| Suburban | 159 (55) | 18 (11.3) | 0.88 |
| Urban | 45 (15) | 4 (8.9) | |
| Risk factor for HIV-1 | |||
| IDU | 210 (72) | 28 (13.3) | 0.04 |
| Non-IDU | 81 (28) | 4 (4.9) | |
| Previous leishmaniasis | |||
| Yes | 11 (4) | 3 (27.3) | 0.1 |
| No | 280 (96) | 29 (10.4) | |
| CDC clinical category | |||
| C | 148 (51) | 25 (16.9) | 0.001 |
| A or B | 143 (49) | 7 (4.9) |
a
VL, visceral leishmaniasis.
b
IDU, intravenous drug use.