Table 5.

Electrolyte requirements in healthy individuals and potential adjustments in patients with AKI

	Healthy children					Patients with AKI*
	ASPEN		ESPEN			AKI without KRT		iHD	PD	CKRT	Special Considerations
Electrolyte	Infants/children	Adolescents and children > 50 kg	0–18 yr
Sodium (mEq/kg/d)	2–5	1–2	1–3			↓	↓		↓	↓	Driven mainly by fluid balance
Potassium (mEq/kg/d)	2–4	1–2	1–3			↓	=		=	↑	Can be regulated by dialysis bags
			0–6 months	7–12 months	1–18 yr
Calcium (mMol/kg/d)°	0.25–2	5–10 mMol/day	0.8–1.5	0.5	0.25–0.4	↑	↑		↑	↑
Phosphorus (mMol/kg/d)	0.5–2	10–40 mMol/day	0.7–1.3	0.5	0.2–0.7	↓	= ↓		= ↓	↑	Can be regulated by dialysis bags
Magnesium (mMol/kg/d)°	0.15–0.25	5–15 mMol/day	0.1–0.2	0.15	0.1	=	=		=	↑
Acetate/bicarbonate	As needed to maintain acid–base balance					↑	=		=	↓

Intended not as a prescription, but rather as a description of what is usually needed in most patients with AKI; for conversion, 1 mMol = 2 mEq; AKI, acute kidney injury; ASPEN, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition; ESPEN, European Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition; KRT, kidney replacement therapy; iHD, intermittent hemodialysis; PD, peritoneal dialysis; CKRT, continuous kidney replacement therapy