Table 3.
Clinical features of patients with hMPV stratified by subgroups, genotypes, and sublineages.
| Characteristics | A versus B | A2 versus B1 versus B2 | A2b versus A2c versus B1 vs B2 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A, N = 106 | B, N = 39 | p-valuea | A2, N = 106 | B1, N = 26 | B2, N = 13 | p-valueb | A2b, N = 30 | A2c, N = 76 | B1, N = 26 | B2, N = 13 | p-valueb | |
| Age Month (median (IQR)) | 24.0 (13.5, 31.3) | 23.7 (8.9, 35.3) | 0.8 | 24.0 (13.5, 31.3) | 23.2 (8.8, 35.5) | 25.0 (10.0, 34.6) | > 0.9 | 23.9 (15.6, 31.3) | 24.0 (13.4, 30.9) | 23.2 (8.8, 35.5) | 25.0 (10.0, 34.6) | > 0.9 |
| Age group (n (%)) | 0.13 | 0.3 | 0.5 | |||||||||
| 1–5 month | 3 (2.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (2.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (3.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |||
| 6–11 month | 10 (9.4%) | 4 (10.3%) | 10 (9.4%) | 4 (15.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (6.7%) | 8 (10.5%) | 4 (15.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | |||
| 12–23 month | 31 (29.2%) | 7 (17.9%) | 31 (29.2%) | 5 (19.2%) | 2 (15.4%) | 9 (30.0%) | 22 (28.9%) | 5 (19.2%) | 2 (15.4%) | |||
| 24–35 month | 35 (33.0%) | 11 (28.2%) | 35 (33.0%) | 6 (23.1%) | 5 (38.5%) | 11 (36.7%) | 24 (31.6%) | 6 (23.1%) | 5 (38.5%) | |||
| 36–47 month | 7 (6.6%) | 7 (17.9%) | 7 (6.6%) | 5 (19.2%) | 2 (15.4%) | 3 (10.0%) | 4 (5.3%) | 5 (19.2%) | 2 (15.4%) | |||
| 48–59 mo | 8 (7.5%) | 1 (2.6%) | 8 (7.5%) | 1 (3.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (3.3%) | 7 (9.2%) | 1 (3.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | |||
| ≧ 60 month | 12 (11.3%) | 9 (23.1%) | 12 (11.3%) | 5 (19.2%) | 4 (30.8%) | 4 (13.3%) | 8 (10.5%) | 5 (19.2%) | 4 (30.8%) | |||
| Sex (n (%)) | 0.12 | 0.3 | 0.5 | |||||||||
| Male | 56 (52.8%) | 15 (38.5%) | 56 (52.8%) | 10 (38.5%) | 5 (38.5%) | 16 (53.3%) | 40 (52.6%) | 10 (38.5%) | 5 (38.5%) | |||
| Female | 50 (47.2%) | 24 (61.5%) | 50 (47.2%) | 16 (61.5%) | 8 (61.5%) | 14 (46.7%) | 36 (47.4%) | 16 (61.5%) | 8 (61.5%) | |||
| Cough (n (%)) | 105 (99.1%) | 39 (100.0%) | > 0.9 | 105 (99.1%) | 26 (100.0%) | 13 (100.0%) | > 0.9 | 30 (100.0%) | 75 (98.7%) | 26 (100.0%) | 13 (100.0%) | > 0.9 |
| Difficulty of breathing (n (%)) | 39 (36.8%) | 14 (35.9%) | > 0.9 | 39 (36.8%) | 11 (42.3%) | 3 (23.1%) | 0.5 | 11 (36.7%) | 28 (36.8%) | 11 (42.3%) | 3 (23.1%) | 0.7 |
| Tachypnea (n (%)) | 78 (73.6%) | 28 (71.8%) | 0.8 | 78 (73.6%) | 17 (65.4%) | 11 (84.6%) | 0.4 | 21 (70.0%) | 57 (75.0%) | 17 (65.4%) | 11 (84.6%) | 0.6 |
| Chest indrawing (n (%)) | 7 (6.6%) | 2 (5.1%) | > 0.9 | 7 (6.6%) | 2 (7.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.9 | 2 (6.7%) | 5 (6.6%) | 2 (7.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | > 0.9 |
| Stridor (n (%)) | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | > 0.9 | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | > 0.9 | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | > 0.9 |
| Wheeze (n (%)) | 60 (56.6%) | 17 (43.6%) | 0.2 | 60 (56.6%) | 11 (42.3%) | 6 (46.2%) | 0.4 | 23 (76.7%) | 37 (48.7%) | 11 (42.3%) | 6 (46.2%) | 0.033 |
| Crackle (n (%)) | 20 (18.9%) | 8 (20.5%) | 0.8 | 20 (18.9%) | 5 (19.2%) | 3 (23.1%) | > 0.9 | 7 (23.3%) | 13 (17.1%) | 5 (19.2%) | 3 (23.1%) | 0.8 |
| Clinical pneumonia (n (%)) | > 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.7 | |||||||||
| No pneumonia | 76 (71.7%) | 28 (71.8%) | 76 (71.7%) | 17 (65.4%) | 11 (84.6%) | 21 (70.0%) | 55 (72.4%) | 17 (65.4%) | 11 (84.6%) | |||
| Pneumonia | 30 (28.3%) | 11 (28.2%) | 30 (28.3%) | 9 (34.6%) | 2 (15.4%) | 9 (30.0%) | 21 (27.6%) | 9 (34.6%) | 2 (15.4%) | |||
| Presence of danger sign (n (%)) | 1 (0.9%) | 2 (5.1%) | 0.2 | 1 (0.9%) | 2 (7.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.10 | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.3%) | 2 (7.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.2 |
| Body temperature (mean (SD)) | 38.0 (0.9) | 38.1 (0.7) | 0.4 | 38.0 (0.9) | 38.0 (0.7) | 38.3 (0.7) | 0.3 | 38.1 (0.9) | 38.0 (0.9) | 38.0 (0.7) | 38.3 (0.7) | 0.5 |
| Respiratory rate (per min, mean (SD)) | 36 (9) | 37 (10) | > 0.9 | 36 (9) | 39 (11) | 34 (6) | 0.4 | 36 (11) | 37 (9) | 39 (11) | 34 (6) | 0.4 |
| Duration of hospitalization (days, median (IQR)) | 5.0 (4.0, 6.0) | 6.0 (4.0, 7.0) | 0.15 | 5.0 (4.0, 6.0) | 5.0 (4.0, 6.0) | 6.0 (5.0, 7.0) | 0.2 | 5.0 (4.0, 6.0) | 5.0 (3.0, 6.0) | 5.0 (4.0, 6.0) | 6.0 (5.0, 7.0) | 0.4 |
| Onset to hospitalization (days, median (IQR)) | 2.5 (2.0, 4.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 0.2 | 2.5 (2.0, 4.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 0.4 | 4.0 (2.8, 5.0) | 2.0 (1.8, 3.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 0.039 |
| Unknown | 18 | 3 | 18 | 0 | 3 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |||
| Onset to discharge (days, median (IQR)) | 8.0 (6.0, 9.0) | 8.0 (6.0, 9.0) | 0.8 | 8.0 (6.0, 9.0) | 7.5 (6.0, 9.0) | 8.0 (7.0, 8.8) | 0.9 | 8.5 (7.0, 10.2) | 8.0 (5.0, 9.0) | 7.5 (6.0, 9.0) | 8.0 (7.0, 8.8) | 0.5 |
| Unknown | 18 | 3 | 18 | 0 | 3 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |||
hMPV human metapneumovirus, IQR interquartile range, SD standard deviation.
aKruskal–Wallis rank sum test; Fisher’s Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Fisher’s exact test; Wilcoxon rank sum test,
bKruskal–Wallis rank sum test; Fisher’s Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Fisher’s exact test.