Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the patients
| Characteristics | Chemoimmunotherapy group, N (%) (n=341) |
Radiomics analysis in the chemoimmunotherapy group, N (%) | Chemotherapy group, N (%) (n=57) |
||
| Training set (n=174) |
Validation set 1 (n=39) | Validation set 2 (n=45) |
|||
| Age, mean (SD), years | 62.0 (8.7) | 62.2 (9.0) | 62.3 (8.8) | 62.6 (8.5) | 62.0 (8.4) |
| Age group, years | |||||
| <65 | 194 (57) | 93 (53) | 19 (49) | 27 (60) | 34 (60) |
| ≥65 | 147 (43) | 81 (47) | 20 (51) | 18 (40) | 23 (40) |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 307 (90) | 158 (91) | 34 (87) | 40 (89) | 53 (93) |
| Female | 34 (10) | 16 (9) | 5 (13) | 5 (11) | 4 (7) |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Smoker | 264 (77) | 149 (86) | 28 (72) | 23 (51) | 51 (89) |
| Non-smoker | 77 (23) | 25 (14) | 11 (28) | 22 49) | 6 (11) |
| ECOG | |||||
| 0–1 | 316 (93) | 158 (91) | 37 (95) | 42 (93) | 51 (89) |
| 2 | 25 (7) | 16 (9) | 2 (5) | 3 (7) | 6 (11) |
| Disease stage at diagnosis* | |||||
| III | 50 (15) | 29 (17) | 0 (0) | 10 (22) | 14 (25) |
| IV | 291 (85) | 145 (83) | 39 (100) | 35 (78) | 43 (75) |
| Brain metastases | |||||
| Yes | 66 (19) | 33 (19) | 8 (21) | 7 (16) | 10 (18) |
| No | 275 (81) | 141 (81) | 31 (79) | 38(84) | 47 (82) |
| Liver metastases | |||||
| Yes | 69 (20) | 37 (21) | 9 (23) | 8 (18) | 13 (23) |
| No | 272 (80) | 137 (79) | 30 (77) | 37 (82) | 44 (77) |
| LIPI | |||||
| Good | 117 (34) | 59 (34) | 8 (21) | 21 (47) | 16 (28) |
| Intermediate | 143 (42) | 79 (45) | 11 (28) | 15 (33) | 27 (47) |
| Poor | 81 (24) | 36 (21) | 20 (51) | 9 (20) | 14 (25) |
| Drug | |||||
| Durvalumab | 99 (29) | 81 (47) | 3 (8) | 0 (0) | / |
| Atezolizumab | 242 (71) | 93 (53) | 36 (92) | 45 (100) | / |
| Best objective response† | |||||
| CR+PR | 264 (77) | 122 (70) | 33 (84) | 40 (89) | 42 (74) |
| Stable disease | 68 (20) | 46 (26) | 3 (8) | 5 (11) | 9 (16) |
| PD | 9 (3) | 6 (4) | 3 (8) | 0 (0) | 6 (10) |
| irAE | |||||
| Yes | 68 (20) | 39 (22) | 6 (15) | 6 (13) | / |
| No | 273 (80) | 135 (78) | 33 (85) | 39 (87) | / |
| Radiotherapy | |||||
| Chest | 99 (29) | 55 (32) | 10 (26) | 9 (20) | 10 (16) |
| Brain | 63 (18) | 34 (20) | 10 (26) | 5 (11) | 13 (23) |
*Disease stage at diagnosis classified according to American Joint Committee on Cancer, eighth edition, tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging system.
†Best objective response was evaluated according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, V.1.1.
CR, complete response; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; irAE, immune-related adverse event; LIPI, Lung Immune Prognostic Index; PD, progressive disease; PR, partial response.