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Model prediction for COD, TSS, and E. coli. (A–D) PLS, SVR, CUB, and QRNN for COD; (E-H) PLS, SVR, CUB, and QRNN for TSS; (I–L) PLS, SVR, CUB, and QRNN for E. coli. The blue and yellow data points represent the training and testing datasets, respectively. The black dashed lines represent the line of equality (y = x). The comparative evaluation among these models showed that the SVR had the best prediction performance for COD and E. coli; the CUB had the best prediction for TSS.
