Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of sample population
| n (%) or median (IQR) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Child | Female | 761 (49%) | |
| Urinary F2-isoprostanes (ng/mg creatinine; Year 1) | iPF(2a)-III | −0.42 (−0.72, −0.09) | |
| 2,3-dinor-iPF(2a)-III | 1.76 (1.55, 1.97) | ||
| iPF(2a-VI | 2.57 (2.31, 2.87) | ||
| 8,12-iso-iPF(2a)-VI | 2.58 (2.17, 2.91) | ||
| Salivary cortisol reactivity (ug/dl; Year 2) | Cortisol reactivity | 0 (0, 0.01) | |
| Cortisol residualized gain score | −0.09 (−0.21, 0.14) | ||
| Salivary alpha-amylase reactivity (U/ml; Year 2) | Salivary alpha-amylase reactivity | 1.41 (−0.08, 4.41) | |
| Salivary alpha-amylase residualized gain score | −25.83 (−51.4, 28.68) | ||
| Sympathetic-adreno-medullar biomarkers (Year 2) | Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 64.44 (60.78, 68.78) | |
| Resting heart rate (bpm) | 109 (99.33, 118.67) | ||
| Glucocorticoid receptor percent methylation | NR3C1 exon 1F promoter | −5.66 (−6.06, −5.32) | |
| NGFI-A transcription factor binding site | −4.48 (−4.65, −4.14) | ||
| Child development (Year 1) | WHO gross motor milestone sum score | 2 (1, 4) | |
| CDI expressive language z-score | 0.02 (−0.54, 0.74) | ||
| CDI language understanding z-score | 0.09 (−0.56, 0.78) | ||
| Child development (Year 2) | EASQ communication z-score | 0.37 (−0.39, 0.75) | |
| EASQ motor development z-score | −0.15 (−0.59, 0.87) | ||
| EASQ personal-social development z-score | 0.14 (−0.49, 1) | ||
| EASQ combined z-score | 0.3 (−0.37, 0.86) | ||
| CDI expressive language z-score | 0.27 (−0.57, 0.8) | ||
| CDI language understanding z-score | 0.12 (−0.48, 0.74) | ||
| Anthropometry (14 months, Year 1) | Length-for-age z-score | −1.42 (−2.07, −0.76) | |
| Weight-for-age z-score | −1.31 (−2.01, −0.64) | ||
| Weight-for-length z-score | −0.9 (−1.56, −0.23) | ||
| Head circumference-for-age z-score | −1.79 (−2.35, −1.13) | ||
| Anthropometry (28 months, Year 2) | Length-for-age z-score | −1.56 (−2.28, −0.95) | |
| Weight-for-age z-score | −1.58 (−2.2, −0.94) | ||
| Weight-for-length z-score | −1.03 (−1.62, −0.38) | ||
| Head circumference-for-age z-score | −1.81 (−2.38, −1.21) | ||
| Diarrhea (14 months, Year 1) | Caregiver-reported 7-day recall | 195 (13%) | |
| Diarrhea (28 months, Year 2) | Caregiver-reported 7-day recall | 110 (7%) | |
| Mother | Age (years) | 24 (20, 27) | |
| Anthropometry at enrollment | Height (cm) | 150.2 (146.8, 154.05) | |
| Education | Schooling completed (years) | 7 (4, 9) | |
| Depression at Year 1 | CES-D score | 10 (6, 16) | |
| Depression at Year 2 | CES-D score | 10 (5, 17) | |
| Perceived stress at Year 2 | Perceived Stress Scale score | 14 (10, 17.25) | |
| Intimate partner violence | Any lifetime exposure | 810 (57%) | |
CDI: MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories; EASQ: Extended Ages and Stages Questionnaire