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. 2023 Sep 22;14:5928. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41668-x

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© The Author(s) 2023, corrected publication 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a Selected regions where irrigation was applied in irrigation run (IRR). b Selected regions of September precipitation where drying is observed due to interlinking. c Connections form change in latent heat flux (IRR - control run (CTL)) in the irrigated regions to change in precipitation (IRR-CTL) in the highlighted regions using Transfer Entropy. Links are labeled as the number of years, when they were found out to be statistically significant (p < 0.05) out of 22 years of simulations (1991–2012). This shows that change in precipitation from CTL to IRR experiment is causally related to the corresponding change in latent heat flux of other regions indicating consistent land-atmosphere feedback.