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. 2023 Jul 26;153(9):2612–2621. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.07.009

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Individual taxa varying by feeding type in 4–5 mo-old breastfed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants. Tests were conducted at the genus (A) and phylum (B) levels. The left column shows volcano plots of fold-change (FC; Log2 transformed) compared with FDR-corrected P values (–Log10 transformed) ascertained by ALDEx2 analysis. Vertical and horizontal dashed lines represent significance cutoffs of FC ≥2 and FDR-corrected P value ≤ 0.001, respectively. Taxa in the upper left quadrant and colored blue were enriched in BF relative to FF infants (“>BF”). Taxa in the upper right quadrant and colored red were enriched in FF relative to BF infants (“>FF”). Taxa that did not meet the significance cutoffs are colored gray (“NS”; ie, FC <2 or FDR-corrected P value >0.001). The right column shows plots of ALDEx2-calculated effect sizes of taxa meeting FC and FDR cutoffs. BF (n = 54), FF (n = 61). Taxa listed at the family level are those that cannot be identified at the genus level. ALDEx2, ANOVA-like differential expression; FDR, false discovery rate.