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. 2023 Aug 14;33(3):407–426. doi: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.04.007

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© 2023 The Author(s)

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) and mecho-acoustical effects: Tumor cell death response assessments. Representative low magnification views of in situ end labeling (ISEL) staining obtained from (A) tumor cross-sections from wild-type (wt) and (B) tumor cross-sections from sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)-treated animals. Mice were treated with ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles (USMB; low is 1%, and high is 3% volume of total blood volume [v/v]) and radiation. The scale bar indicates 1 mm. Quantitative analysis of cell death in (C) wt and (D) S1P-treated mice. Statistical analysis tested using one way ANOVA followed by two-sided Tukey’s Honest test indicated significant increase in cell death in wt mice at 24 and 72 h, while no such increase was observed in animals treated with S1P. P value presented as* for < 0.05 are depicted in graphs. Comparison was made comparing different treatment groups to the control (0 Gy, 0% USMB (Nil)). The error bars represent the standard deviation (SD). From [22].

Acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) and mecho-acoustical effects: Tumor cell death response assessments. Representative low magnification views of in situ end labeling (ISEL) staining obtained from (A) tumor cross-sections from wild-type (wt) and (B) tumor cross-sections from sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)-treated animals. Mice were treated with ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles (USMB; low is 1%, and high is 3% volume of total blood volume [v/v]) and radiation. The scale bar indicates 1 mm. Quantitative analysis of cell death in (C) wt and (D) S1P-treated mice. Statistical analysis tested using one way ANOVA followed by two-sided Tukey’s Honest test indicated significant increase in cell death in wt mice at 24 and 72 h, while no such increase was observed in animals treated with S1P. P value presented as* for < 0.05 are depicted in graphs. Comparison was made comparing different treatment groups to the control (0 Gy, 0% USMB (Nil)). The error bars represent the standard deviation (SD). From [22].