Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the cohort at the time of presentation according to discharge destination.
| Total sample (n = 1101) |
Adult mental health service (n = 403) | Lower intensity service (n = 698) | OR (95% confidence intervals) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | |||
| Age | 20.0 (17–22) | 20.0 (18–22) | 19.0 (17–22) | 1.03 (0.99–1.08) | 0.159 |
| % (n) | % (n) | % (n) | |||
| Sex – % male | 58.8 (647) | 64.0 (258) | 55.7 (389) | 1.41 (1.10–1.82) | 0.007 |
| Marital status – % never married | 95.9 (1035) | 95.7 (377) | 96.1 (658) | 0.91 (0.49–1.69) | 0.910 |
| Living arrangements – % with parents | 67.8 (746) | 60.3 (243) | 72.1 (503) | 0.59 (0.45–0.76) | <0.001 |
| Not in employment, education or training | 46.1 (503) | 58.4 (233) | 39.0 (270) | 2.19 (1.71–2.82) | <0.001 |
| Family history of psychosis | |||||
| First-degree relative | 18.2 (200) | 21.3 (86) | 16.3 (114) | 1.39 (1.02–1.90) | 0.038 |
| Second-degree relative | 25.4 (280) | 27.5 (111) | 24.2 (169) | 1.38 (0.98–1.93) | 0.065 |
| Cultural background | |||||
| Migrant | 25.4 (280) | 27.5 (111) | 24.2 (169) | 1.19 (0.90–1.57) | 0.222 |
| Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander | 2.8 (31) | 4.0 (16) | 2.2 (15) | 1.88 (0.92–3.84) | 0.084 |
| Diagnosis at baseline | |||||
| Schizophrenia | 17.8 (196) | 26.8 (108) | 12.6 (88) | - | – |
| Schizophreniform disorder | 19.8 (218) | 17.1 (69) | 21.3 (149) | ||
| Schizoaffective disorder | 5.5 (61) | 8.9 (36) | 3.6 (25) | ||
| Delusional disorder | 1.4 (15) | 1.0 (4) | 1.6 (11) | ||
| Drug-induced psychosis | 11.3 (124) | 9.2 (37) | 12.5 (87) | ||
| Bipolar affective disorder | 13.0 (143) | 11.2 (45) | 14.0 (98) | ||
| Depression with psychosis | 8.9 (98) | 7.2 (29) | 9.9 (69) | ||
| Psychotic disorder NOS | 14.8 (163) | 11.9 (48) | 16.5 (115) | ||
| Brief psychotic disorder | 2.4 (26) | 1.5 (6) | 2.9 (20) | ||
| Not differentiated | 5.2 (57) | 5.2 (21) | 5.2 (36) | ||
| Diagnostic groupings | |||||
| Non-affective disorder | 71.1 (742) | 71.2 (272) | 71.0 (470) | 1.01 (0.77–1.33) | 0.943 |
| Affective disorder | 28.9 (302) | 29.0 (192) | 28.8 (110) | ||
| Substance misuse | |||||
| Any co-morbid substance use | 38.5 (413) | 44.3 (175) | 35.2 (238) | 1.47 (1.14–1.89) | 0.003 |
| Alcohol | 17.2 (189) | 17.9 (72) | 16.8 (117) | 1.08 (0.78–1.49) | 0.640 |
| Cannabis | 51.6 (568) | 58.6 (236) | 47.6 (332) | 1.56 (1.22–2.00) | <0.001 |
| Amphetamine | 27.2 (299) | 35.2 (142) | 22.5 (157) | 1.88 (1.43–2.46) | <0.001 |
| Clinical factors | |||||
| Admission at time of presentation | 50.3 (548) | 57.0 (227) | 46.4 (321) | 1.53 (1.20–1.97) | <0.001 |
| Involuntary admission at time of presentation | 34.3 (354) | 40.7 (151) | 30.8 (203) | 1.54 (1.19–2.01) | <0.001 |
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | |||
| Duration of untreated psychosis (weeks) | 8.0 (2–40) | 8.0 (2–52) | 8.0 (2–36) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.761 |
OR: odds ratio; IQR: interquartile range; NOS: not otherwise specified.