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FGFR1 regulatory networks. In the cytoplasm, FGFR1 exerts its cancer‐promoting effects, mainly by activating the PI3K/AKT, Ras/ERK, and STAT pathways, to promote tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis as well as maintain tumor cell stemness and improve resistance to chemotherapy. In the nucleus, FGFR exerts its cancer‐promoting effects by targeting genes in a process independent of tyrosine kinase activity.
