Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of G6PD deficient subjects and matched controls.
| G6PD Deficiency | Control | p | Odds Ratio [95% CI] |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 7,473 | 29,892 | ||
| General comorbidities, No. (%) | ||||
| Arterial hypertension | 804 (10.8%) | 3,365 (11.3%) | 0.23 | 0.95 [0.87 to 1.03] |
| Diabetes mellitus | 418 (5.59%) | 1,952 (6.53%) | 0.003 | 0.85 [0.76 to 0.95] |
| Ischemic heart disease | 252 (3.37%) | 909 (3.04%) | 0.15 | 1.11 [0.96 to 1.28] |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 212 (2.84%) | 738 (2.47%) | 0.08 | 1.15 [0.98 to 1.35] |
| Chronic kidney disease | 109 (1.46%) | 364 (1.22%) | 0.11 | 1.20 [0.96 to 1.49] |
| Infectious diseases, No. (%) | ||||
| Acute sinusitis | 1,424 (19.1%) | 5,091 (17.0%) | <0.001 | 1.15 [1.07 to 1.22] |
| Acute bronchitis/bronchiolitis | 2,083 (27.9%) | 8,442 (28.2%) | 0.54 | 0.98 [0.93 to 1.04] |
| Pneumonia, bacterial | 275 (3.68%) | 962 (3.22%) | 0.047 | 1.15 [1.00 to 1.32] |
| Acute tonsillitis | 4,112 (55.0%) | 15,411 (51.6%) | <0.001 | 1.15 [1.09 to 1.21] |
| Cellulitis | 1,688 (22.6%) | 6,038 (20.2%) | <0.001 | 1.15 [1.08 to 1.23] |
| Acute gastroenteritis | 3,690 (49.4%) | 13,865 (46.4%) | <0.001 | 1.13 [1.07 to 1.19] |
| Urinary tract infection | 1,490 (19.9%) | 5,182 (17.3%) | <0.001 | 1.19 [1.11 to 1.27] |
| Viral infections (unspecified) | 5,032 (67.3%) | 18,968 (63.5%) | <0.001 | 1.19 [1.12 to 1.25] |
| Staphylococcal infections | 50 (0.67%) | 124 (0.41%) | 0.006 | 1.62 [1.14 to 2.27] |
| Atopic diseases, No. (%) | ||||
| Allergic rhinitis | 1,062 (14.2%) | 3,732 (12.5%) | <0.001 | 1.16 [1.08 to 1.25] |
| Allergic conjunctivitis | 859 (11.49%) | 2,806 (9.39%) | <0.001 | 1.25 [1.15 to 1.36] |
| Allergic urticaria | 722 (9.66%) | 2,562 (8.57%) | 0.003 | 1.14 [1.04 to 1.24] |
| Allergy to food/unspecified | 1,202 (16.1%) | 4,031 (13.5%) | <0.001 | 1.23 [1.15 to 1.32] |
| Asthma | 1,110 (14.9%) | 4,166 (13.9%) | 0.04 | 1.08 [1.00 to 1.16] |
| Atopic dermatitis | 1,110 (14.9%) | 4,361 (14.6%) | 0.57 | 1.02 [0.95 to 1.10] |
| Contact dermatitis | 1,632 (21.8%) | 5,700 (19.1%) | <0.001 | 1.19 [1.11 to 1.26] |
| Systemic autoimmune diseases, No. (%) | ||||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 98 (1.31%) | 164 (0.55%) | <0.001 | 2.41 [1.85 to 3.12] |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | 25 (0.335%) | 22 (0.074%) | <0.001 | 4.56 [2.46 to 8.48] |
| Sjogren’s disease | 21 (0.28%) | 30 (0.10%) | 0.001 | 2.80 [1.53 to 5.07] |
| Scleroderma | 12 (0.161%) | 7 (0.023%) | <0.001 | 6.87 [2.49 to 20.59] |
| Dermatomyositis | 16 (0.214%) | 18 (0.060%) | <0.001 | 3.56 [1.70 to 7.40] |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 22 (0.29%) | 35 (0.12%) | 0.001 | 2.52 [1.41 to 4.42] |
| Other inflammatory conditions, No. (%) | ||||
| Hashimoto’s thyroiditis | 277 (3.71%) | 889 (2.97%) | 0.001 | 1.26 [1.09 to 1.44] |
| Graves’ disease | 113 (1.51%) | 312 (1.04%) | 0.001 | 1.46 [1.16 to 1.81] |
| Pernicious anemia | 14 (0.187%) | 3 (0.010%) | <0.001 | 18.70 [5.22 to 101.6] |
| Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis | 15 (0.201%) | 25 (0.084%) | 0.009 | 2.40 [1.18 to 4.74] |
| Hidradenitis suppurativa | 25 (0.33%) | 39 (0.13%) | <0.001 | 2.57 [1.49 to 4.36] |
| Fibromyalgia | 167 (2.23%) | 342 (1.14%) | <0.001 | 1.98 [1.63 to 2.39] |
| Psoriasis | 247 (3.31%) | 836 (2.80%) | 0.02 | 1.19 [1.02 to 1.37] |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 60 (0.80%) | 179 (0.60%) | 0.05 | 1.34 [0.98 to 1.81] |
| Celiac disease | 33 (0.44%) | 95 (0.32%) | 0.12 | 1.39 [0.91 to 2.09] |
| Malignancies, No. (%) | ||||
| Hematologic malignancies | 42 (0.56%) | 171 (0.57%) | >.99 | 0.98 [0.68 to 1.39] |
| Solid tumors | 224 (3.00%) | 859 (2.87%) | 0.56 | 1.04 [0.90 to 1.21] |