Table 2.
Comparison of foot morphology and ankle range of motion on the presence of hallux valgus
| No-HV n = 108 |
HV n = 32 |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Foot morphology | |||
| HV angle | 10.3 (7.9–13.3) | 17.6 (16.8–19.9) | < 0.001 |
| Arch-height ratio | 17.61 ± 2.20 | 16.76 ± 2.63 | 0.069 |
| HFA | 3.44 ± 3.15 | 5.14 ± 3.48 | 0.010 |
| Change in arch-height ratio | 2.35 ± 1.02 | 2.86 ± 1.25 | 0.021 |
| Change in HFA | -2.15 ± 3.14 | -3.35 ± 2.87 | 0.055 |
| Ankle joint ROM | |||
| Dorsiflexion | 14.3(13.0–16.2) | 15.3(13.4–18.1) | 0.199 |
| Plantarflexion | 7.7(6.7–8.5) | 7.5(6.8–8.5) | 0.546 |
| Inversion | 42.5(38.0–53.5) | 50.0(42.0–55.0) | 0.133 |
| Eversion | 24.0(20.0–30.0) | 23.5(20.0–32.0) | 0.913 |
Unit: HV angle, HFA, change in HFA, inversion, and eversion: degree; arch-height ratio and change in arch-height ratio: mm/mm*100; dorsiflexion and plantarflexion: cm
Median (interquartile range) or mean ± standard deviation
HV Hallux valgus, HFA Heel-floor angle, ROM Range of motion