Table 1.
Comparison of the mean score and effect size of problem behavior between the two groups.
| CBCL | Case group (N = 97) | Control group (N = 178) | t | P value | η2p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total problem behavior | 65.64 ± 13.28 | 48.06 ± 10.37 | −11.3 | .000 | 0.47 |
| Internalization | 65.37 ± 13.18 | 48.07 ± 8.98 | −11.55 | .000 | 0.53 |
| Anxiety/depression | 63.19 ± 10.40 | 52.98 ± 5.42 | −9.03 | .000 | 0.41 |
| Withdrawal/depression | 62.40 ± 10.05 | 53.23 ± 5.42 | −8.35 | .000 | 0.39 |
| Somatic symptoms | 60.34 ± 8.40 | 52.63 ± 5.22 | −8.22 | .000 | 0.32 |
| Externalization | 62.87 ± 13.71 | 49.20 ± 10.07 | −8.63 | .000 | 0.40 |
| Rule-breaking behavior | 61.60 ± 8.94 | 54.01 ± 6.08 | −7.48 | .000 | 0.30 |
| Aggressive behavior | 60.86 ± 9.62 | 53.44 ± 6.13 | −6.87 | .000 | 0.31 |
| Social immaturity | 61.70 ± 9.60 | 53.50 ± 5.94 | −7.66 | .000 | 0.35 |
| Thought problems | 61.23 ± 8.42 | 54.23 ± 6.44 | −8.15 | .000 | 0.36 |
| Attention problem | 61.59 ± 10.82 | 52.85 ± 6.06 | −7.35 | .000 | 0.36 |
| Other problems | 61.07 ± 8.32 | 53.99 ± 6.00 | −7.39 | .000 | 0.27 |