Dimensions, band gap and sheet resistance of ZnO nanoflowers synthesized at different times. Reprinted with permission from ref. 119. Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
| Reaction time (min) | Crystallite size (nm) | Petal width (nm) | Petal length (nm) | Single flower length (nm) | Band-gap energy (eV) | Sheet resistance (MΩ sq−1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 05 | 14.73 | 288 ± 27 | 714 ± 81 | 1523 ± 151 | 3.21 | 38.5000 |
| 10 | 22.22 | 345 ± 45 | 740 ± 90 | 1674 ± 180 | 3.27 | 18.5000 |
| 15 | 24.11 | 327 ± 48 | 772 ± 57 | 1653 ± 154 | 3.10 | 0.01020 |
| 30 | 24.06 | 370 ± 50 | 772 ± 85 | 1785 ± 150 | 3.28 | 0.00344 |