Table 5.

Raman peak assignment.

Raman shift/cm-1	Intensity	Vibrational mode	Component
497	Weak	$s$ (S-S)	DNA
599	Mid	$v$ (N-H)	Cytosine
725	Mid	bv (N-H)	Adenine
810	Mid	$v$ ($C_a$-O-P-O-$C_b$)	Phosphodiester
876	Weak	$v$ (O-O)	Lactate
890	Weak	$\delta$ (C-O-H)	Glucose
936	Strong	$s$ ($C_a-C_b$)	Polysaccharides
986	Strong	$v$ ($C_a-C_b$ or C-O)	Ribose
1014	Mid	$v$ (pyr half-ring)	Glucose
1125	Weak	$v$ ($C_{\beta }-\text{methyl}$)	Protein
1130	Mid	$s$ (C-N)	D-mannose
1156	Weak	$v$ (pyr half-ring)sym	Glucose
1210	Weak	b$v$ (N-H), $s$ (C-H)	Amide
1328	Strong	$\tau$(${\text{CH}}_2$)	DNA/RNA
1447	Strong	bv (C-H)	Collagen

Abbreviations: $v$: vibration; $\text{bv}$: bending vibration; $\tau$: twist vibration; $s$: stretching vibration; $\delta$: scissoring vibration.