Figure 2.

The network control theory of plant biosystems design. (a) Dynamic networks of genes and metabolites distributed in spatial (e.g., cell and tissue) and temporal (e.g., cell cycle, circadian time, season, developmental stage, and life cycle) dimensions. (b) A plant gene-metabolite network; arrow-shaped edges represent activation; blunt edges represent inhibition, and edges ending with a solid circle indicate enzymatic catalysis; adapted from Gonçalves et al. [370]. (c) The structure of regulatory/signaling network motifs; arrows indicate positive regulation; T-shape arrows indicate negative regulation; adapted from Gupta and Singh [20].