. 2023 Sep 26;131(9):097009. doi: 10.1289/EHP11811

Table 1.

Characteristics of the girls in the puberty cohort with PFAS serum measurements, 2004–2014, by study site.

Characteristic	Both sites combined ( $lowercase italic n equals 704$ )	Greater Cincinnati Area ( $lowercase italic n equals 353$ )	San Francisco Bay Area ( $lowercase italic n equals 351$ )	$p$ -Value^a
Median BMI% at baseline	66.39	64.89	68.82	0.28
Mean age of pubertal stage [months ( $mean \pm SD$ mean]^b
Thelarche	$111.58 \pm 14.57$	$107.09 \pm 14.82$	$116.17 \pm 12.79$	$less than 0.01$
Pubarche	$118.63 \pm 17.19$	$118.12 \pm 17.24$	$119.14 \pm 17.16$	0.27
Menarche	$147.99 \pm 14.48$	$147.66 \pm 14.81$	$148.27 \pm 14.23$	0.65
Pubertal stage attained by end of follow-up [ $n$ (%)]
Thelarche	655 (93.04)	331 (93.75)	324 (92.31)	0.72
Pubarche	633 (89.91)	316 (89.49)	317 (90.31)	0.52
Menarche	575 (81.67)	263 (74.50)	312 (88.89)	$less than 0.01$
Median BMI% closest to pubertal stage^c
Thelarche	65.74	65.67	66.28	0.52
Pubarche	67.26	69.05	64.72	0.70
Menarche	67.28	68.11	65.83	0.20
Race/ethnicity [ $n$ (%)]				$less than 0.01$
White	364 (51.70)	215 (61.08)	149 (42.45)
Asian	46 (6.53)	5 (1.42)	41 (11.68)
Hispanic	98 (13.92)	14 (3.98)	84 (23.93)
Black	196 (27.84)	119 (33.52)	77 (21.94)
Maternal age of menarche (y) [ $n$ (%)]				0.22
$before 12$	153 (21.73)	71 (20.17)	82 (23.36)
Between 12 and $before 14$	404 (57.39)	214 (60.51)	190 (54.13)
$after 14$	147 (20.88)	68 (19.32)	79 (22.51)
Parent/caregiver education [ $n$ (%)]				$less than 0.01$
Grade school, some high school, high school grad or GED	98 (13.92)	33 (9.35)	65 (18.52)
Some college/technical/trade/vocational school or an associate’s degree	226 (32.10)	116 (32.86)	110 (31.34)
Bachelor’s degree	204 (28.97)	103 (29.18)	101 (28.77)
Master’s degree or higher	127 (18.03)	83 (23.51)	44 (12.54)
Missing	49 (6.96)	18 (5.10)	31 (8.83)

Note: Significance declared at $p$ -value $less than or equal to 0.05$ . BMI, body mass index; BMI%, BMI percentile; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; GED, General Education Development; PFAS, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances; y, years.

^{^a}

Test of significance of difference in values for Greater Cincinnati Area compared with San Francisco Bay Area; Fisher exact test for categorical variables and Kruskal–Wallis for continuous variables.

^{^b}

Of those who were not right-censored.

^{^c}

BMI% from CDC 2000 Female BMI-for-age table³⁶; height and weight at closest visit prior to pubertal event.