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. 2023 Sep 26;18(9):e0291790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291790

Table 1. General characteristics of samples and the status of birth attendant by the characteristics.

Independent variables Status of birth attendant
Unskilled, N (%) Skilled, N (%)
Geographical location (Division)
Barisal, 527(10.7) 264 (50.1) 263 (49.9)
Chittagong, 809(16.4) 394 (48.7) 415 (51.3)
Dhaka, 712(14.4) 272 (38.2) 440 (61.8)
Khulna, 515(10.5) 176 (34.2) 339 (65.8)
Mymensingh, 601(12.2) 333 (55.4) 268 (44.6)
Rajshahi, 523(10.6) 224 (42.8) 299 (57.2)
Rangpur, 558(11.3) 263 (47.1) 295 (52.9)
Sylhet, 683 (13.9) 381 (55.8) 302 (44.2)
Type of residence
Urban, 1676(34.0) 566 (33.8) 1110 (66.2)
Rural, 3252(66.0) 1741 (53.5) 1511(46.5)
Religion
Muslim, 4509(91.5) 2153 (47.7) 2356 (52.3)
Non-Muslim, 419(8.5) 154 (36.8) 265 (63.2)
Number of family member
≤4, 1497(30.4) 665 (44.4) 832 (55.6)
5 to 6, 1799(36.5) 866 (48.1) 933 (51.9)
≥7, 1632(33.1) 776 (47.5) 856 (52.5)
Type of toilet facility
Hygienic, 2904(58.9) 1140 (39.3) 1764 (60.7)
Unhygienic, 2024(41.1) 1167 (57.7) 857 (42.3)
Wealth index
Poor, 2075(42.1) 1368 (65.9) 707 (34.1)
Middle, 898(18.2) 420 (46.8) 478 (53.2)
Rich, 1955(39.7) 519 (26.5) 1436(73.5)
Relationship to household head
Wife, 2612(53.0) 1332 (51.0) 1280 (49.0)
Other, 2316(47.0) 975 (42.1) 1341(57.9)
Mothers’ age group (year)
≤20, 1222(24.8) 571 (46.7) 651 (53.3)
21–30, 2880(58.4) 1329 (46.1) 1551(53.9)
31–40, 787(16.0) 390 (49.6) 397 (50.4)
41–49, 39(0.8) 17 (43.6) 22 (56.4)
Mothers’ body mass index
Underweight, 791(16.1) 463(58.5) 328(41.5)
Normal, 3000(60.9) 1512(50.4) 1488(49.6)
Overweight, 1137(23.1) 332(29.2) 805(70.8)
Mothers’ education level
No education, 307(6.2) 222 (72.3) 85 (27.7)
Primary, 1378(28.0) 908 (65.9) 470 (34.1)
Secondary, 2360(47.9) 1028 (43.6) 1332(56.4)
Higher, 883(17.9) 149 (16.9) 734 (83.1)
Mothers’ occupation
Housewife, 2963(60.1) 1225 (41.3) 1738 (58.7)
Others, 1965(39.9) 1082 (55.1) 883 (44.9)
Current marital status
Living with husband, 4862(98.7) 2274 (46.8) 2588 (53.2)
Others, 66(1.3) 33 (50.0) 33(50.0)
Total ever born children
1 child, 1883(38.2) 653 (34.7) 1230 (65.3)
2 child, 1611(32.7) 775 (48.1) 836 (51.9)
≥3 child, 1434(29.1) 879 (61.3) 555 (38.7)
Mothers’ age at first birth (year)
≤ 20, 3868(78.5) 2000 (51.7) 1868 (48.3)
> 20, 1060(21.5) 307 (29.0) 753 (71.0)
Mothers’ age at first marriage (year)
≤18, 4040(82.0) 2058 (50.9) 1982 (49.1)
>18, 888(18.0) 249 (28.0) 639 (72.0)
Number of ANC visits
Inadequate (<4 times), 2155(43.7) 1235(57.3) 920(42.7)
Adequate (≥4 times), 2773(56.3) 1072(38.7) 1701(61.3)
Place of delivery
Home, 2446(49.6) 2287(93.5) 159(6.5)
Others, 2482(50.4) 20(0.8) 2462(99.2)
Husbands’ education level
No education, 685(13.9) 472(68.9) 213(31.1)
Primary, 1637(33.2) 960(58.6) 677(41.4)
Secondary, 1608(32.6) 674(41.9) 934(58.1)
Higher, 998(20.3) 201(20.1) 797(79.9)
Husbands’ occupation
Unemployed, 119(2.4) 56(47.1) 63(52.9)
Farmer, 916(18.6) 585(63.9) 331(36.1)
Hard work, 2546(51.7) 1228(48.2) 1318(51.8)
Service holder, 315(6.4) 38(12.1) 277(87.9)
Business, 1032(20.9) 400(38.8) 632(61.2)