Table 2. Effects of demographic, anthropometric, socioeconomic and behaviors factors on use of skilled birth attendant using multilevel logistic regression.
| Independent variables | Unadjusted OR (95% CI: Lower-Upper) | Adjusted OR (95% CI: Lower-Upper) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Geographical location (Division) | p-value<0.2 | ||
| Barisal vs Sylhet® | 1.242(0.987–1.564) | 1.33 (0.92, 1.92) | |
| Chittagong vs Sylhet® | 1.334(1.086–1.639)** | 1.06 (0.76, 1.48) | |
| Dhaka vs Sylhet® | 2.055(1.659–2.546)** | 1.37 (0.97, 1.93) | |
| Khulna vs Sylhet® | 2.458(1.936–3.120)** | 2.12 (1.47, 3.06)** | |
| Mymensingh vs Sylhet® | 0.993(0.794–1.242) | 1.17 (0.82, 1.67) | |
| Rajshahi vs Sylhet® | 1.645(1.305–2.074)** | 1.72 (1.20, 2.47)** | |
| Rangpur vs Sylhet® | 1.404(1.119–1.761)** | 1.60 (1.11, 2.30)* | |
| Type of residence | p-value<0.2 | ||
| Rural vs Urban® | 2.271(2.009–2.568)** | 0.72 (0.59, 0.88)** | |
| Religion | p-value<0.2 | ||
| Non-Muslim vs Muslim® | 1.511(1.225–1.864)** | 1.49 (1.12, 1.98)** | |
| Type of toilet facility | p-value<0.2 | ||
| Unhygienic vs Hygienic® | 0.475(0.423–0.533)** | 0.91 (0.77, 1.07) | |
| Wealth index | p-value<0.2 | ||
| Poor vs Rich® | 0.187(0.163–0.214)** | 0.46 (0.37, 0.57)** | |
| Middle vs Rich® | 0.411(0.349–0.485)** | 0.62 (0.50, 0.76)** | |
| Relationship to household head | p-value<0.2 | ||
| Others vs Wife® | 1.431(1.279–1.602)** | 1.03 (0.88, 1.21) | |
| Mothers’ age group (year) | p-value>0.2 | ||
| ≤20 vs 41-49R | 0.881(0.463–1.675) | ||
| 21–30 vs 41-49R | 0.902(0.477–1.705) | ||
| 31–40 vs 41-49R | 0.787(0.411–1.504) | ||
| Mothers’ body mass index | p-value<0.2 | ||
| Underweight vs Normal Weight® | 0.720(0.614–0.844)** | 0.85 (0.70, 1.03) | |
| Overweight vs Normal Weight® | 2.464(2.128–2.853)** | 1.83 (1.52, 2.20)** | |
| Mothers’ education level | p-value<0.2 | ||
| No education vs Higher® | 0.078(0.057–0.106)** | 0.37 (0.25, 0.56)** | |
| Primary vs Higher® | 0.105(0.085–0.129)** | 0.42 (0.31, 0.56)** | |
| Secondary vs Higher® | 0.263(0.217–0.319)** | 0.64 (0.50, 0.82)** | |
| Mothers’ occupation | p-value<0.2 | ||
| Others vs Housewife® | 0.575(0.513–0.645)** | 0.75 (0.64, 0.88)** | |
| Currently marital status | p-value>0.2 | ||
| Living with husband vs othersR | 1.138(0.700–1.850) | ||
| Total ever born children | p-value<0.2 | ||
| 1 children vs ≥3 children® | 2.983(2.587–3.440)** | 1.99 (1.64, 2.41)** | |
| 2 child vs ≥3 children® | 1.708(1.479–1.974)** | 1.18 (0.98, 1.42) | |
| Mothers’ age at first birth (year) | p-value<0.2 | ||
| > 20-year vs ≤ 20 years® | 2.626(2.267–3.042)** | 1.37 (1.08, 1.74)** | |
| Mothers’ age at first marriage (year) | p-value<0.2 | ||
| >18 years vs ≤18 years® | 2.665(2.273–3.124)** | 1.07 (0.82, 1.40) | |
| Number of ANC visits | p-value<0.2 | ||
| Adequate (≥4times) vs Inadequate(<4 times) ® | 2.130(1.899–2.389)** | 1.61 (1.39, 1.85)** | |
| Husbands’ education level | p-value<0.2 | ||
| 2.130(1.899–2.389)** | 0.098(0.78–0.124)** | 0.49 (0.36, 0.68)** | |
| Primary vs Higher® | 0.154(0.126–0.186)** | 0.54 (0.41, 0.71)** | |
| Secondary vs Higher® | 0.302(0.248–0.366)** | 0.64 (0.49, 0.82)** | |
| Husbands’ occupation | p-value<0.2 | ||
| Unemployed vs Business® | 0.914(0.495–1.689) | 1.12 (0.54, 2.36) | |
| Farmer vs Business® | 0.358(0.298–0.430)** | 0.74 (0.59, 0.94)* | |
| Hard work vs Business® | 0.679(0.586–0.787)** | 0.91 (0.76, 1.09) | |
| Service holder vs Business® | 4.614(3.214–6.622)** | 1.41 (0.90, 2.21) | |
| Hosmer and Lemeshow test, χ2 value = 12.51 (p-value 0.13) | |||
N.B.: CI = Confidence Interval, OR = Odds ratio
® = Reference category