Table 4. Comparison of metabolic parameters between the groups with and without insulin resistance (HOMA -IR ≥ 2.5 and < 2.5, respectively).
| HOMA-IR < 2.5 (n = 37) | HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5 (n = 45) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male gender, n (%) | 4 (10.8) | 3 (6.7) | 0.695 |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 44.92 ± 12.64 | 43.62 ± 12.82 | 0.648 |
| Hepatic steatosis, n (%) | 25 (67.6) | 36 (81.8) | 0.138 |
| NASH, n (%) | 1 (2.7) | 2 (4.4) | 1.00 |
| Uncontrolled HBP (mmHg), n (%) | 12 (32.4) | 25 (55.6) | 0.046 |
| MS, n (%) | 15 (40.5) | 32 (71.1) | 0.005 |
| BMI (kg/m2), median (Q1, Q3) | 33.1 (32, 36) | 35.8 (33.8, 39.4) | 0.000 |
| SBP (mmHg), median (Q1, Q3) | 120 (120, 130) | 140 (120, 145) | 0.227 |
| DBP (mmHg), median (Q1, Q3) | 80 (70, 90) | 85 (70, 90) | 0.719 |
| WC (cm), median (Q1, Q3) | 102 (98, 113) | 112 (106, 116) | 0.003 |
| HC (cm), median (Q1, Q3) | 110 (107, 117) | 113 (110, 121) | 0.017 |
| WHR (cm), median (Q1, Q3) | 0.95 (0.91,1.02) | 0.982 (0.922, 1.04) | 0.124 |
| Insulin (μUI/mL), mean ± SD | 7.8 ± 1.9 | 16.33 ± 5.13 | 0.000 |
| FPG (mg/dL), median (Q1, Q3) | 93 (89, 99) | 99 (93, 106) | 0.009 |
| HOMA-IR, median (Q1, Q3) | 1.95 (1.5, 2.1) | 3.59 (3.08, 4.43) | |
| TG (mg/dL), median (Q1, Q3) | 126 (92, 166) | 139 (121, 165) | 0.252 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL), mean ± SD | 122.16 ± 25.2 | 125.78 ± 31.79 | 0.576 |
| Total cholesterol(mg/dL), mean ± SD | 198.86 ± 36.01 | 204.87 ± 41.77 | 0.493 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL), mean ± SD | 46.28 ± 9.96 | 45.22 ± 10.02 | 0.636 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL), mean ± SD | 4.84 ± 1.08 | 5 ± 1.18 | 0.504 |
| ALT (U/L), median (Q1, Q3) | 19 (17, 25) | 24 (19, 36) | 0.089 |
| AST (U/T), median (Q1, Q3) | 20 (19, 23) | 21 (18, 26) | 0.690 |
| GGT (U/L), median (Q1, Q3) | 17 (14, 25) | 19 (16, 29) | 0.138 |
| Serum cortisol (μg/dL), median (Q1, Q3) | 11.11 (8.38, 14.6) | 11.01 (9.63, 15.78) | 0.134 |
| SFT (cm), median (Q1, Q3) | 2.62 (2.41,2.86) | 2.90 (2.66, 3.3) | 0.000 |
| VFT (cm), mean ± SD | 4.74 ± 0.92 | 5.19 ± 1.05 | 0.052 |
NASH: nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; HBP: high blood pressure; MS: metabolic syndrome; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; WC: waist circumference; HC: hip circumference; WHR: waist/hip ratio; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index; TG: triglycerides; LDL-cholesterol: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-cholesterol: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; GGT-γ: gamma glutamyl transpeptidase; SFT: subcutaneous fat thickness; VFT: visceral fat thickness. The results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median and range (25-75%).