Table 3.
Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models for the association of risk of death with PMN percent and count (cells/mm3) among those with PMN < 250 cells/mm3 at first paracentesis
| HR (95% CI), P | ||||
| Multivariablea | ||||
| Characteristic at paracentesis | Univariable | Adjusted for baseline characteristics | Adjusted for PMN-C ≥ 115 cells/mm3 | Adjusted for MELD-Nab |
| PMN-% | ||||
| <10% | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 10%–29% | 1.67 (1.07–2.60), 0.02 | 1.50 (0.96–2.35), 0.07 | 1.50 (0.96–2.33), 0.07 | 1.17 (0.74–1.84), 0.50 |
| ≥30% | 2.90 (1.93–4.72), <0.001 | 2.91 (1.68–5.06), <0.001 | 2.67 (1.37–5.19), 0.004 | 1.94 (1.08–3.48), 0.03 |
| Age (per year) | 1.03 (1.01–1.05), 0.01 | 1.03 (1.01–1.05), 0.01 | 1.03 (1.01–1.05), 0.008 | 1.05 (1.02–1.07), <0.001 |
| Creatinine (per 1 mg/dL) | 1.15 (1.03–1.28), 0.01 | 1.17 (1.05–1.31), 0.005 | 1.17 (1.05–1.31), 0.005 | — |
| HCV (vs non-HCV) | 2.24 (1.47–3.42), <0.001 | 1.12 (1.38–3.26), 0.001 | 2.14 (1.39–3.28), <0.001 | 2.21 (1.42–3.43), <0.001 |
| PMN-C ≥ 115 (vs <115 cells/mm3) | 2.06 (1.07–3.97), 0.03 | — | 1.23 (0.54–2.82), 0.62 | — |
| MELD-Na (per 1 unit) | 1.08 (1.05–1.11), <0.001 | — | — | 1.10 (1.07–1.14), <0.001 |
CI, confidence interval; HCV, chronic hepatitis C virus infection; HR, hazard ratio; MELD-Na, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease–Sodium; PMN, polymorphonuclear leukocyte; PMN-%, PMN percentage; PMN-C, PMN count.
a
Multivariable models adjusted for age, serum creatinine, and HCV at paracentesis; N = 377 due to missing serum creatinine values.
b
Sensitivity analysis included those with available MELD-Na (N = 346) adjusted for age, HCV, and MELD-Na at paracentesis.