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. 2017 Jun 14;61(5):476–483. doi: 10.1590/2359-3997000000271

Table 3. Ultrasonographic parameters showing the maximal percentage flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in the diabetic and control groups.

Parameters analyzed   Diabetic groups P value

Controls T1DM total T1DM < 5 T1DM ≥ 5
Mean brachial artery baseline diameter (mm) 2.59 (±0.13) 2.59 (±0.13) 2.58 (±0.13) 2.60 (±0.13) 0.887*
Max FMD (%) 11.45 (±2.86) 9.29 (±2.79) 10.21 (±2.70) 7.04 (±1.38) 0.0008* 0.078** 0.0001***
Max FMD time (min) 1 (±1.13) 1(±1.69) 1(±1.81) 1 (±1.41) 0.753*

T1DM: type 1 diabetes mellitus; FMD: flow-mediated dilation; max FMD (%): maximal FMD (%); max FMD time: time to the occurrence of the maximal FMD.

* P values were obtained by comparing the mean (± standard deviation [±SD]) values in the control group with those in the entire T1DM group, with the application of the Kruskal-Wallis test. ** P values were obtained by comparing the mean (±SD) values in the control group with those in the T1DM < 5 subgroup. *** P values were obtained by comparing the mean (±SD) values in the control group with those in the T1DM ≥ 5 subgroup, with the application of the Kruskal-Wallis test. All results are expressed in mean (±SD) values.