. 2023 Aug 24;52(12):2545–2558. doi: 10.1007/s10964-023-01837-z

Table 7.

Moderated regressions of verbal aggression, anger, self-harm, and other high-risk behaviors on impulsivity, emotion regulation, parental attachment, social group attachment, and satisfaction with teachers

Regression models	B	95% CI		t	p	F	p	R²
		LL	UL
DV: Verbal aggression						181.10	<0.001	0.109
Impulsivity	0.05	0.05	0.06	22.69	<0.001
Emotion regulation (ER)	0.01	0.01	0.02	2.78	0.005
Impulsivity × ER	0.01	−0.01	0.01	1.42	0.155
ΔR² = 0.001						2.02	0.155
DV: Verbal aggression						176.39	<0.001	0.110
Impulsivity	0.05	0.05	0.06	21.12	<0.001
Parental attachment (PA)	−0.01	−0.01	−0.01	−2.14	0.033
Impulsivity × PA	−0.01	−0.01	0.01	−0.50	0.618
ΔR² = 0.001						0.25	0.618
DV: Verbal aggression						224.07	<0.001	0.149
Impulsivity	0.04	0.04	0.05	17.51	<0.001
Soc. group attach. (SGA)	−0.22	−0.25	−0.19	−13.72	<0.001
Impulsivity ×SGA	−0.01	−0.02	−0.01	−3.40	0.001
ΔR² = 0.003						11.53	0.001
DV: Verbal aggression						180.92	< 0.001	0.109
Impulsivity	0.05	0.05	0.06	22.48	<0.001
Satisf. with teachers (ST)	−0.03	−0.06	−0.01	−2.49	0.013
Impulsivity × ST	−0.01	−0.01	0.01	−0.23	0.816
ΔR² = 0.001						0.05	0.816
DV: Verbal aggression^a						92.28	<0.001	0.104
Impulsivity	0.05	0.04	0.05	15.77	<0.001
Satisf. with teachers (ST)	−0.04	−0.08	−0.01	−2.37	0.018
Impulsivity × ST	−0.01	−0.01	0.01	−0.37	0.712
ΔR² = 0.001						0.14	0.712
DV: Anger						224.95	<0.001	0.132
Impulsivity	0.06	0.05	0.06	25.30	<0.001
Emotion regulation (ER)	0.01	0.01	0.01	2.54	0.011
Impulsivity × ER	0.01	−0.01	0.01	1.79	0.074
ΔR² = 0.001						3.20	0.074
DV: Anger						246.35	<0.001	0.148
Impulsivity	0.05	0.05	0.05	22.50	<0.001
Parental attachment (PA)	−0.01	−0.01	−0.01	−8.15	<0.001
Impulsivity × PA	0.01	−0.01	0.01	−0.28	0.781
ΔR² = 0.001						0.08	0.781
DV: Anger						348.51	<0.001	0.214
Impulsivity	0.04	0.04	0.05	19.36	<0.001
Soc. group attach. (SGA)	−0.30	−0.33	−0.27	−20.27	<0.001
Impulsivity × SGA	−0.01	−0.01	−0.01	−2.53	0.011
ΔR² = 0.001						6.40	0.011
DV: Anger						224.33	<0.001	0.131
Impulsivity	0.05	0.05	0.06	25.28	<0.001
Satisf. with teachers (ST)	−0.03	−0.05	−0.01	−2.13	0.033
Impulsivity × ST	0.01	−0.01	0.01	0.74	0.459
ΔR² = 0.001						0.55	0.459
DV: Anger^a						116.94	<0.001	0.129
Impulsivity	0.05	0.05	0.06	17.83	<0.001
Satisf. with teachers (ST)	−0.05	−0.08	−0.01	−2.77	0.006
Impulsivity × ST	0.01	−0.01	0.01	0.56	0.574
ΔR² = 0.001						0.32	0.574
DV: Self-harm						479.97	<0.001	0.202
Impulsivity	0.24	0.22	0.26	24.29	<0.001
Emotion regulation (ER)	−0.26	−0.29	−0.23	−18.23	<0.001
Impulsivity × ER	−0.03	−0.04	−0.03	−10.91	<0.001
ΔR² = 0.017						119.01	<0.001
DV: Self-harm						288.57	<0.001	0.171
Impulsivity	0.24	0.22	0.26	21.21	<0.001
Parental attachment (PA)	−0.03	−0.03	−0.03	−12.65	<0.001
Impulsivity × PA	−0.01	−0.01	−0.01	−6.46	<0.001
ΔR² = 0.008						41.67	<0.001
DV: Self-harm						225.15	<0.001	0.152
Impulsivity	0.27	0.24	0.29	22.04	<0.001
Soc. group attach. (SGA)	−0.50	−0.65	−0.35	−6.49	<0.001
Impulsivity × SGA	−0.10	−0.13	−0.07	−6.14	<0.001
ΔR² = 0.009						37.76	<0.001
DV: Self-harm						307.61	<0.001	0.140
Impulsivity	0.29	0.27	0.31	29.47	<0.001
Satisf. with teachers (ST)	−0.17	−0.27	−0.06	−3.16	0.002
Impulsivity × ST	0.01	0.01	0.03	1.01	0.311
ΔR² = 0.001						1.03	0.311
DV: Self-harm^a						178.20	<0.001	0.150
Impulsivity	0.30	0.27	0.32	22.12	<0.001
Satisf. with teachers (ST)	−0.22	−0.37	−0.08	−3.02	0.003
Impulsivity × ST	0.01	−0.02	0.03	0.36	0.716
ΔR² = 0.001						0.13	0.716
DV: Other high-risk						475.99	<0.001	0.201
Impulsivity	0.15	0.13	0.16	20.36	<0.001
Emotion regulation (ER)	−0.22	−0.24	−0.20	−20.56	<0.001
Impulsivity × ER	−0.03	−0.04	−0.03	−13.82	<0.001
ΔR² = 0.027						190.87	<0.001
DV: Other high-risk						211.50	<0.001	0.132
Impulsivity	0.16	0.14	0.18	19.03	<0.001
Parental attachment (PA)	−0.02	−0.02	−0.01	−9.23	<0.001
Impulsivity × PA	−0.01	−0.01	−0.01	−5.95	<0.001
ΔR² = 0.007						35.29	<0.001
DV: Other high-risk						173.83	<0.001	0.123
Impulsivity	0.18	0.16	0.20	20.02	<0.001
Soc. group attach. (SGA)	−0.23	−0.34	−0.12	−4.00	<0.001
Impulsivity × SGA	−0.07	−0.09	−0.04	−5.62	<0.001
ΔR² = 0.007						31.58	<0.001
DV: Other high-risk						247.30	<0.001	0.115
Impulsivity	0.19	0.18	0.21	26.12	<0.001
Satisf. with teachers (ST)	−0.15	−0.23	−0.07	−3.73	<0.001
Impulsivity × ST	0.01	−0.02	0.02	0.09	0.932
ΔR² = 0.001						0.01	0.932
DV: Other high-risk^a						116.34	<0.001	0.103
Impulsivity	0.18	0.16	0.20	17.59	<0.001
Satisf. with teachers (ST)	−0.18	−0.29	−0.07	−3.19	0.001
Impulsivity × ST	−0.01	−0.02	0.02	−0.22	0.825
ΔR² = 0.001						0.05	0.825

DV Dependent variable, Soc. group attach. Social group attachment, Satisf. with teachers Satisfaction with teachers, Other high-risk Other high-risk behaviors, CI confidence interval; LL lower limit, UL upper limit.

^aRegression models in the younger (i.e., 13–15) adolescents’ subsample.