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. 2023 Aug 10;16(5):847–856. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.08.003

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© 2023 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

GLP-2 treatment improves hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in Mdr2^-/-mice. (A) Representative hematoxylin-eosin images (×10 magnification) with markedly improved liver histology in Mdr2^-/- mice treated with GLP-2. Serum biochemistry reflects unchanged levels of transaminases (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase) and alkaline phosphatase. Representative Mac-2 and Sirius red (SR) pictures (×10 magnification) show reduced hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in Mdr2^-/- mice treated with GLP-2. (B) Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the mRNA expression of inflammatory and fibrotic markers F4/80, Mcp1, iNOs, Col1a1, Col1a2, and Tgfβ, which were significantly reduced in Mdr2^-/- mice treated with GLP-2. mRNA expression values were normalized against 36b4 levels and are shown relative to the expression level in Mdr2^-/- control subjects. ∗Significant difference from Mdr2^-/- control mice; P < .05. Computational analysis of histologic pictures was done via Image J 1.51j8. ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AP, alkaline phosphatase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase.