Table 1.

Patient characteristics.

	con-WBRT (n=42)		an-WBRT (n=34)
Characteristic	No.	%	No.	%	P
Age at WBRT, years
Median	60.5		61		0.815
< 61	21	50	16	47	0.799
≥ 61	21	50	18	53
Sex
Female	22	52	16	47	0.645
Male	20	48	18	53
Stage at diagnosis
I–III	11	26	11	32	0.556
IV	31	74	23	68
KPS
≤ 60	13	31	11	32	0.896
≥ 70	29	69	23	68
Smoking status
Never	24	57	18	53	0.714
Current/former	18	43	16	47
Histology
Adenocarcinoma	37	88	29	85	0.719
Others	5	12	5	15
EGFR 19/21 or ALK mutation
Yes	20	48	11	32	0.178
Wild type or unknown	22	52	23	68
Line number of assigned treatment
Second	18	43	12	35	0.502
Third or later	24	57	22	65
BM status
Progressive disease	22	52	16	47	0.645
Newly diagnosed	20	48	18	53
Number of BMs
2–10	23	55	17	50	0.679
>10	19	45	17	50
Size of largest BM
≤ 1.7 cm	21	50	13	38	0.305
> 1.7 cm	21	50	21	62
BMs with cyst formation
Yes	30	71	21	62	0.373
No	12	29	13	38
Peritumoral edema from BMs
Absent or mild	19	45	16	47	0.874
Moderate or severe	23	55	18	53
Extracranial metastases at time of intracranial progression
No	10	24	7	21	0.738
Yes	32	76	27	79
Number of extracranial metastatic organs
0–2	23	55	22	65	0.38
3–7	19	45	12	35
Number of extracranial lesions
0–4	14	33	11	32	0.928
≥ 5	28	67	23	68
Liver metastases
Yes	10	24	5	15	0.321
No	32	76	29	85
Primary NSCLC status
Controlled or absent	23	55	21	62	0.539
Uncontrolled	19	45	13	38
Local boost at WBRT
No	31	74	27	79	0.568
Yes	11	26	7	21
Dexamethasone equivalent dose over WBRT
≤ 69 mg	17	40	21	62	0.065
> 69 mg	25	60	13	38
ICI combined with assigned treatment
Yes	7	17	8	24	0.455
No	35	83	26	76

WBRT, whole-brain radiotherapy; KPS, Karnofsky Performance Status; brain metastases, BMs; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor.