Table 1.
. Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Beta-lactam (n = 75) | FQ or TMP/SMX (n = 119) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female sex, n (%) | 49 (65.3) | 76 (63.9) | 0.835 |
| Age, median (IQR) | 71 (60–79) | 72 (62–79) | 0.730 |
| BMI ≥35 kg/m 2 , n (%) | 14 (18.9) | 25 (21) | 0.725 |
| Allergy, n (%) | |||
| • Penicillin | 13 (17.3) | 20 (16.8) | 0.924 |
| • Cephalosporin | 4 (5.3) | 7 (5.9) | 1.0 |
| • FQ | 4 (5.3) | 3 (2.5) | 0.433 |
| • Sulfa | 17 (22.7) | 18 (15.1) | 0.183 |
| Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR) | 1 (0–2) | 2 (1–3) | 0.213 |
| Renal stone, n (%) | 16 (21.3) | 35 (29.5) | 0.213 |
| Creatinine clearance at transition to PO antibiotic, n (%) | |||
| • ≥50 mL/min | 43 (57.3) | 45 (38.1) | 0.034 |
| • 30–49 mL/min | 22 (29.3) | 42 (35.6) | |
| • 10–29 mL/min | 10 (13.3) | 28 (23.7) | |
| • <10 mL/min or dialysis | 0 (0) | 3 (2.5) | |
| Urologic procedure, n (%) | 15 (20) | 30 (25.2) | 0.402 |
| Foley catheter status, n (%) | |||
| • Present on admission | 6 (8) | 13 (10.9) | 0.505 |
| • Present during admission | 20 (26.7) | 53 (44.5) | 0.012 |
| • Present on discharge | 7 (9.3) | 20 (16.8) | 0.143 |
| WBC, median (IQR) | |||
| • Initiation of IV antibiotic | 13.7 (9.2–18.4) | 14.5 (9.7–20.8) | 0.555 |
| • Initiation of PO antibiotic | 8.1 (6.2–12.2) | 9.1 (7.2–11.7) | 0.511 |
| Temperature ≥38 °C, n (%) | 58 (77.3) | 86 (72.3) | 0.432 |
| Day of defervescence, median days (IQR) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 0.445 |
| Infectious disease consult, n (%) | 17 (22.7) | 70 (58.8) | <0.001 |
| Blood cultures repeated, n (%) | 82 (68.9) | 26 (34.7) | <0.001 |
| • Positive repeat cultures, n (%) | 3 (2.5) | 0 (0) | 0.573 |
| ICU admission, n (%) | 4 (5.3) | 19 (16) | 0.038 |
| Vasopressor required, n (%) | 3 (4) | 11 (9.2) | 0.255 |
| Empiric regimen, n (%) | |||
| • Anti-pseudomonal beta-lactam | 5 (6.7) | 42 (35.3) | <0.001 |
| • Aztreonam | 2 (2.7) | 3 (2.5) | |
| • Ceftriaxone | 68 (90.7) | 69 (58) | |
| • Ertapenem | 0 (0) | 3 (2.5) | |
| • Fluoroquinolone | 0 (0) | 2 (1.7) | |
| Enterobacterales isolated, n (%) | |||
| • Escherichia coli | 58 (77.3) | 92 (77.3) | 0.995 |
| • Klebsiella species | 13 (17.3) | 21 (17.6) | |
| • Proteus mirabilis | 4 (5.3) | 6 (5) | |
| Susceptibility, n (%) | |||
| • Aminopenicillin | 43 (57.3) | 60 (50.4) | 0.347 |
| • Cefazolin | 75 (100) | 41 (91.1)* | 0.018 |
| • Ciprofloxacin | 73 (97.3) | 114 (95.8) | 0.708 |
| • TMP/SMX | 64 (85.3) | 99 (83.2) | 0.692 |
| Treatment duration, n (%) | |||
| • 7 days | 1 (1.3) | 12 (10.1) | 0.802 |
| • 8–10 days | 35 (46.7) | 42 (35.3) | |
| • 11–13 days | 19 (25.3) | 33 (27.8) | |
| • 14 days | 10 (13.3) | 20 (16.8) | |
| • >14 days | 10 (13.2) | 12 (10) | |
*Standard therapy patients tested for cefazolin susceptibility (n = 45) due to change in Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoint change.