Fig. 8.

ACSC-specific TNFAIP3 overexpression inhibits osteoclastogenesis in vivo. a, b TRAP staining (top) and immunofluorescence of TRAF6 (middle) and CTSK (bottom) (genes associated with OC formation and OC differentiation) in the subchondral bone of OA rats showed that overexpression of TNFAIP3 in ACSCs inhibits osteoclast formation, while knockdown of TNFAIP3 in ACSCs impaired their inhibitory effects in vivo. Scale bars, 200 μm. c Quantification of osteoclast number (left) and the relative fluorescence intensity of TRAF6 (middle) and CTSK (right) in (a–b). The statistical significance of differences was determined using one-way ANOVA with multiple comparison tests (LSD). Experiments were repeated independently for more than three times. All data are shown as the mean ± S.D. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; ns, not significant