Table 1.
Demographics of the 72-h URVNA and URVA patients
| Age ≤ 50 | 50 ~ 60 | p value | 60 ~ 70 | p value | 70 ~ 80 | p value | Age ≥ 80 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| URVNA | URVA | p value | URVNA | URVA | URVNA | URVA | URVNA | URVA | URVNA | URVA | p value | ||||
| n | 2221 | 554 | 1020 | 402 | 1349 | 727 | 968 | 599 | 708 | 935 | |||||
| Sex (%) | |||||||||||||||
| Male | 998 (44.93) | 259 (46.75) | 0.47 | 573 (56.21) | 255 (63.4) | 0.01 | 648 (48.02) | 397 (54.61) | < 0.001 | 465 (48.07) | 354 (59.12) | < 0.001 | 368 (51.97) | 457 (48.88) | 0.23 |
| Female | 1223 (55.07) | 295 (53.25) | 0.47 | 447 (43.89) | 147 (36.6) | 0.01 | 701 (52.98) | 330 (45.39) | 0.004 | 503 (51.93) | 245 (40.88) | < 0.001 | 340 (48.03) | 478 (51.12) | 0.23 |
| Length of stay | 4.33 (6.07) | 6.63 (8.31) | < 0.001 | 5.43 (7.92) | 7.76 (10.01) | < 0.001 | 5.57 (7.30) | 7.93 (8.54) | < 0.001 | 6.46 (8.11) | 8.26 (8.80) | < 0.001 | 9.12 (9.19) | 6.27 (7.37) | < 0.001 |
| Triage (%) | |||||||||||||||
| Severe | 217 (9.77) | 117 (21.12) | < 0.001 | 151 (14.80) | 108 (26.87) | < 0.001 | 217 (16.09) | 239 (32.87) | < 0.001 | 190 (19.63) | 203 (33.89) | < 0.001 | 176 (18.82) | 287 (40.54) | 0.01 |
| Non-severe | 2004 (90.23) | 437 (78.88) | < 0.001 | 869 (85.20) | 294 (73.13) | < 0.001 | 1132 (83.91) | 488 (67.13) | < 0.001 | 778 (80.37) | 396 (66.11) | < 0.001 | 532 (81.18) | 748 (59.46) | 0.02 |
| Vital Sign (mean (SD)) | |||||||||||||||
| Temp | 37.02 (2.31) | 37.22 (1.95) | 0.04 | 36.78 (1.85) | 36.99 (2.15) | 0.08 | 36.75 (1.66) | 37.02 (2.27) | 0.01 | 36.70 (1.85) | 37.13 (1.92) | < 0.001 | 36.77 (1.43) | 37.11 (0.96) | < 0.001 |
| Breath | 19.12 (3.13) | 19.50 (4.07) | 0.04 | 19.05 (2.32) | 19.41 (3.25) | 0.04 | 19.13 (2.29) | 19.91 (4.25) | < 0.001 | 19.21 (2.55) | 19.75 (3.06) | < 0.001 | 19.49 (3.53) | 20.48 (4.51) | < 0.001 |
| SBP | 132.46 (22.87) | 129.92 (23.81) | 0.02 | 143.75 (27.32) | 138.25 (27.94) | < 0.001 | 146.64 (28.23) | 139.80 (30.99) | < 0.001 | 148.42 (29.57) | 139.10 (27.73) | < 0.001 | 146.45 (30.43) | 141.65 (30.67) | 0.001 |
| DBP | 85.29 (16.22) | 82.89 (17.29) | 0.003 | 89.66 (17.38) | 86.39 (17.52) | 0.001 | 87.30 (16.54) | 83.91 (20.94) | < 0.001 | 83.53 (16.66) | 78.59 (16.89) | < 0.001 | 77.46 (17.25) | 76.72 (17.60) | 0.40 |
| Pulse | 95.78 (20.66) | 100.98 (21.78) | < 0.001 | 92.01 (19.41) | 97.88 (22.38) | < 0.001 | 90.27 (19.63) | 97.36 (23.42) | < 0.001 | 87.23 (18.05) | 92.25 (21.48) | < 0.001 | 85.28 (18.83) | 88.86 (21.18) | < 0.001 |
| Index Score (mean (SD)) | |||||||||||||||
| RAPS | 2.33 (1.45) | 2.53 (1.56) | < 0.001 | 2.69 (1.53) | 2.77 (1.65) | 0.39 | 2.60 (1.53) | 2.83 (1.83) | 0.003 | 2.54 (1.52) | 2.55 (1.65) | 0.78 | 2.41 (1.60) | 2.69 (1.74) | < 0.001 |
| qSOFA | 1.09 (0.32) | 1.17 (0.42) | < 0.001 | 1.11 (0.33) | 1.20 (0.47) | < 0.001 | 1.11 (0.34) | 1.24 (0.52) | < 0.001 | 1.14 (0.39) | 1.28 (0.51) | < 0.001 | 1.20 (0.45) | 1.41 (0.63) | < 0.001 |
| CCI | 1.22 (0.64) | 1.59 (1.00) | < 0.001 | 2.74 (1.15) | 3.36 (1.35) | < 0.001 | 4.09 (1.32) | 4.64 (1.45) | < 0.001 | 5.35 (1.36) | 5.77 (1.43) | < 0.001 | 6.47 (1.49) | 6.79 (1.59) | < 0.001 |
| GCS | 14.87 (1.10) | 14.80 (1.24) | 0.22 | 14.87 (0.95) | 14.76 (1.27) | 0.13 | 14.88 (0.84) | 14.72 (1.37) | 0.003 | 14.81 (1.16) | 14.68 (1.32) | 0.06 | 14.75 (1.12) | 14.29 (1.90) | < 0.001 |
| Shock Index (HR/SBP) | 0.74 (0.18) | 0.80 (0.21) | < 0.001 | 0.66 (0.18) | 0.74 (0.23) | < 0.001 | 0.64 (0.19) | 0.73 (0.24) | < 0.001 | 0.61 (0.18) | 0.68 (0.20) | < 0.001 | 0.61 (0.19) | 0.65 (0.21) | < 0.001 |
| Comorbidity (%) | |||||||||||||||
| MI | 2 (0.09) | 3 (0.54) | 0.09 | 4 (0.39) | 10 (2.49) | < 0.001 | 8 (0.59) | 16 (2.20) | 0.002 | 5 (0.52) | 16 (2.67) | < 0.001 | 7 (0.75) | 14 (1.98) | 0.49 |
| CHF | 14 (0.63) | 16 (2.89) | < 0.001 | 14 (1.37) | 11 (2.74) | 0.12 | 44 (3.26) | 45 (6.19) | 0.002 | 54 (5.58) | 51 (8.51) | 0.03 | 70 (7.49) | 97 (13.70) | 0.81 |
| PVD | 2 (0.09) | 0 (0.00) | NA | 1 (0.10) | 1 (0.25) | NA | 4 (0.30) | 4 (0.55) | 0.60 | 0 (0.00) | 3 (0.50) | NA | 4 (0.43) | 5 (0.71) | 1.00 |
| CVA | 10 (0.45) | 5 (0.90) | 0.33 | 18 (1.76) | 11 (2.74) | 0.34 | 37 (2.74) | 32 (4.40) | 0.06 | 42 (4.34) | 48 (8.01) | 0.003 | 85 (9.09) | 66 (9.32) | < 0.001 |
| Dementia | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | NA | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | NA | 3 (0.22) | 0 (0.00) | NA | 6 (0.62) | 8 (1.34) | 0.24 | 34 (3.64) | 39 (5.51) | 0.62 |
| COPD | 6 (0.27) | 1 (0.18) | NA | 12 (1.18) | 5 (1.24) | 1.00 | 30 (2.22) | 31 (4.26) | 0.01 | 38 (3.93) | 31 (5.18) | 0.30 | 42 (4.49) | 54 (7.63) | 0.98 |
| CTD | 20 (0.90) | 27 (4.87) | < 0.001 | 6 (0.59) | 1 (0.25) | NA | 13 (0.96) | 15 (2.06) | 0.06 | 13 (1.34) | 5 (0.83) | 0.50 | 6 (0.64) | 12 (1.69) | 0.55 |
| PUD | 27 (1.22) | 3 (0.54) | 0.25 | 16 (1.57) | 14 (3.48) | 0.04 | 49 (3.63) | 23 (3.16) | 0.67 | 24 (2.48) | 19 (3.17) | 0.51 | 20 (2.14) | 27 (3.81) | 1.00 |
| Liver disease | 24 (1.08) | 20 (3.61) | < 0.001 | 40 (3.92) | 30 (7.46) | 0.008 | 66 (4.89) | 53 (7.29) | 0.03 | 44 (4.55) | 32 (5.34) | 0.55 | 22 (2.35) | 26 (3.67) | 0.81 |
| DM | 113 (5.09) | 38 (6.86) | 0.12 | 127 (12.45) | 87 (21.64) | < 0.001 | 282 (20.90) | 227 (31.22) | < 0.001 | 301 (31.10) | 238 (39.73) | < 0.001 | 273 (29.20) | 259 (36.58) | < 0.001 |
| CKD | 24 (1.08) | 12 (2.17) | 0.07 | 49 (4.80) | 24 (5.97) | 0.44 | 88 (6.52) | 75 (10.32) | 0.003 | 121 (12.50) | 97 (16.19) | 0.05 | 199 (21.28) | 158 (22.32) | < 0.001 |
| Tumor | 75 (3.38) | 66 (11.91) | < 0.001 | 168 (16.47) | 132 (32.84) | < 0.001 | 306 (22.68) | 243 (33.43) | < 0.001 | 223 (23.04) | 171 (28.55) | 0.02 | 183 (19.57) | 147 (20.76) | < 0.001 |
| Leukemia | 7 (0.32) | 5 (0.90) | 0.13 | 0 (0.00) | 2 (0.50) | NA | 0 (0.00) | 4 (0.55) | NA | 1 (0.10) | 2 (0.33) | 0.67 | 0 (0.00) | 2 (0.28) | NA |
| Lymphoma | 2 (0.09) | 0 (0.00) | NA | 5 (0.49) | 4 (1.00) | 0.48 | 6 (0.44) | 2 (0.28) | 0.82 | 1 (0.10) | 4 (0.67) | 0.14 | 1 (0.11) | 6 (0.85) | 0.25 |
| AIDS | 14 (0.63) | 15 (2.71) | < 0.001 | 2 (0.20) | 0 (0.00) | NA | 2 (0.15) | 1 (0.14) | 1.00 | 2 (0.21) | 2 (0.33) | 1.00 | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | NA |
Temp temperature, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, RAPS Rapid Acute Physiology Score, qSOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, PVD peripheral artery disease, GCS Glasgow Coma Scale, MI myocardial infarction, CHF congestive heart failure, PVD peripheral vascular disease, CVA cerebrovascular accident, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CTD connective tissue disease, PUD peptic ulcer disease, DM diabetes mellitus, CKD chronic kidney disease, AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome