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. 2023 Sep 27;23:340. doi: 10.1186/s12883-023-03393-2

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Brain MRI of one patient from the OSA group with evidence of intracranial vessel gadolinium enhancement without vascular stenosis nor any parenchymal lesion. Legend: A from the top to the bottom, we show brain axial slides of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI, top), T2-weighted (middle) and susceptibility-weighted images (SWI, bottom) brain MRI sequences. They do not find any brain parenchymal damage. B from the top to the bottom, we show axial slide of dynamic 3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography (MRA) of the neck vessels at the vertebral arteries levels (top) and at the basilar artery level (middle) as well as 3D time-of-flight (TOF) MRA of the intracranial vessels (bottom). The first two images show gadolinium contrast enhancement of both vertebral arteries and basilar artery, without any vascular stenosis (TOF, third image)