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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nurs Outlook. 2023 Apr 11;71(3):101966. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2023.101966

Table2 –

Stepwise Linear Regression Models* to Select Mediation Model Covariates

Dependent Variable Predictor Effect Estimate 95% CI p Value

Suicide risk Moral distress 0.06 (−0.07, 0.19) .3402
Depression 0.16 (0.13, 0.18) <.0001
ACES ≥ 4 (Yes vs. No) 1.14 (0.28, 2.00) .0096
Age −0.06 (−0.11, −0.02) .0090
Currently receiving mental health services (Yes vs. No) 1.10 (0.38, 1.82) .0028
Family history of suicide (Unsure vs. No) 1.43 (0.37, 2.48) .0081
Family history of suicide (Yes vs. No) 0.55 (−0.30, 1.41) .2061
Family trust (Yes vs. No) −0.99 (−1.95, −0.03) .0433
First generation student (Yes vs. No) −1.10 (−1.71, −0.49) .0004
History of suicide attempt (Yes vs. No) 5.13 (4.06, 6.19) <.0001
International student (Yes vs. No) 6.96 (3.67, 10.26) <.0001
White/Caucasian (Yes vs. No) −0.85 (−1.53, −0.170.65) .0141
Depression Moral distress 0.66 (0.24, 1.08) .0021
ACES ≥ 4 (Yes vs. No) 5.57 (2.85, 8.29) <.0001
Age −0.33 (−0.48, −0.18) <.0001
Currently receiving mental health services (Yes vs. No) 4.70 (2.17, 7.23) .0003
Family trust (Yes vs. No) −8.13 (−11.19, −5.07) <.0001
History of suicide attempt (Yes vs. No) 6.72 (3.28, 10.15) .0001
International student (Yes vs. No) 7.88 (−2.81, 18.57) .1492
Pre-existing mental health condition (Yes vs. No) 7.22 (4.72, 9.73) <.0001
Prescription misuse (Yes vs. No) 5.99 (2.55, 9.42) .0007
White/Caucasian (Yes vs. No) −2.78 (−4.94, −0.61) .0121
*

All stepwise procedures began with all collected variables; Moral Distress was retained in all models as a predictor of interest.

Effect estimate is statistically significant at the p < .05 level.