(A) Schematics of the mechanisms by which HNRNPF/H genes or proteins can contribute to tumorigenesis. Mechanisms shown are the HNRNPF/H-dependent processing of cancer-specific transcripts, the effect of mutations that disrupt HNRNPF/H protein expression or function or the binding sites of these proteins, and the involvement of HNRNPF/H genes in chromosomal translocations. (B) Schematic of the HNRNPH1-dependent exclusion of EWSR1-exon 8 present in the EWSR1::FLI1 transcripts expressed in a subset of the pediatric tumor Ewing sarcoma (see Grohar et al., 2016; Neckles et al., 2019; Vo et al., 2022) for further details). In vitro analysis has demonstrated that HNRNPH1 binds EWSR1-exon 8 G-rich sequences in non-G4 and G4 states, and that its binding favors accumulation of the bound RNA in an unfolded state (Vo et al., 2022). Figure panels created with BioRender.com.