Table 3.
Participant characteristics stratified by frailty status
| Overall | Never Frail | Ever Frail | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| No. of subjects | 231 | 119 | 112 | |
| Male, No. (%) | 127 (55.0) | 78 (65.5) | 49 (43.8) | 0.001 |
| Age, mean ± SD | 55.7 ± 12.1 | 53.8 ± 12.9 | 57.7 ± 10.9 | 0.016 |
| Age, No. (%) | ||||
| < 35 years | 20 (8.7) | 13 (10.9) | 7 (6.3) | 0.006 |
| 35–49 years | 41 (17.8) | 30 (25.2) | 11 (9.8) | |
| 50–64 years | 111 (48.1) | 49 (41.2) | 62 (55.4) | |
| ≥65 years | 59 (25.5) | 27 (22.7) | 32 (28.6) | |
| Race, No. (%) | ||||
| White | 165 (71.4) | 85 (71.4) | 80 (71.4) | 0.611 |
| Black | 19 (8.2) | 8 (6.7) | 11 (9.8) | |
| Asian | 11 (4.8) | 8 (6.7) | 3 (2.7) | |
| Hispanic | 32 (13.9) | 16 (13.4) | 16 (14.3) | |
| Other | 4 (1.7) | 2 (1.7) | 2 (1.8) | |
| Diagnosis, No. (%) | ||||
| A (e.g. Obstructive lung disease) | 37 (16.0) | 11 (9.2) | 26 (23.2) | 0.008 |
| B (e.g. Pulmonary Hypertension) | 10 (4.3) | 6 (5.0) | 4 (3.6) | |
| C (e.g. Suppurative lung disease) | 20 (8.7) | 15 (12.6) | 5 (4.5) | |
| D (e.g. Pulmonary Fibrosis) | 164 (71.0) | 87 (73.1) | 77 (68.8) | |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 25.5 ± 4.4 | 25.0 ± 4.3 | 26.1 ± 4.3 | 0.063 |
| FEV1 % predicted, mean ± SD | 45.4 ± 20.5 | 45.9 ± 20.5 | 44.9 ± 20.5 | 0.715 |
| FEV1 % predicted, median (Q1, Q3) | 46.0 (28.0, 60.0) | 45.5 (28.0, 60.0) | 46.0 (29.0, 59.0) | 0.821 |
| 6 MWD (m), mean ± SD | 254.4 ± 140.8 | 275.8 ± 136.3 | 231.2 ± 142.5 | 0.017 |
| 6 MWD (m), median (Q1, Q3) | 268.2 (142.7, 366.0) | 303.9 (159.0, 376.0) | 228.6 (134.2, 332.5) | 0.007 |
| LAS at transplant, mean ± SD | 58.5 ± 21.5 | 57.4 ± 20.3 | 59.7 ± 22.6 | 0.413 |
| LAS at transplant, median (Q1, Q3) | 52.0 (39.0, 79.0) | 50.0 (41.0, 72.0) | 55.0 (38.5, 84.5) | 0.750 |
| Transplant type, No. (%) | ||||
| Bilateral | 215 (93.1) | 106 (89.1) | 109 (97.3) | 0.022 |
| Single | 13 (5.6) | 11 (9.2) | 2 (1.8) | |
| Heart/Lung | 3 (1.3) | 2 (1.7) | 1 (0.9) | |
| Inpatient at transplant, No. (%) | 76 (32.9) | 35 (29.4) | 41 (36.6) | 0.245 |
| Ventilator at transplant, No. (%) | 21 (9.1) | 13 (10.9) | 8 (7.1) | 0.317 |
| ECMO at transplant, No. (%) | 18 (7.8) | 11 (9.2) | 7 (6.3) | 0.396 |
| Pre-transplant SPPB, mean ± SD | 9.0 ± 3.1 | 9.7 ± 2.9 | 8.1 ± 3.0 | <0.001 |
| Pre-transplant SPPB, median (Q1, Q3) | 10.0 (8.0, 11.0) | 11.0 (9.0, 12.0) | 9.0 (7.0, 10.0) | <0.001 |
| Time to CLAD, years, median (Q1, Q3) | 2.9 (1.6, 4.5) | 3. 0 (1.8, 4.8) | 2.7 (1.2, 4.5) | 0.328 |