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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Prev Med. 2023 Apr 25;65(4):640–648. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.04.011

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of included ARIC participants at the baseline pre-guideline visit (2016–2017)

Characteristic Overall Not reclassified (SBP 120–129) Reclassified to stage 1 hypertension (SBP 130–139) Reclassified to stage 2 hypertension (SBP 140–159)
N 2193 658 648 887
Age (years), mean (SD) 79.2 (4.6) 78.8 (4.5) 79.2 '4.5) 79.6 (4.7)
Age category (years)
 71–75 557 (25.4%) 196 (29.8%) 153 (23.6%) 208 (23.4%)
 76–85 1383 (63.1%) 394 (59.9%) 426 (65.7%) 563 (63.5%)
 86–95 253 (11.5%) 68 (10.3%) 69 (10.6%) 116 (13.1%)
Sex
 Female 1286 (58.6%) 351 (53.3%) 374 (57.7%) 561 (63.2%)
 Male 907 (41.4%) 307 (46.7%) 274 (42.3%) 326 (36.8%)
Race
 Black 553 (25.2%) 168 (25.5%) 153 (23.6%) 232 (26.2%)
 White 1640 (74.8%) 490 (74.5%) 495 (76.4%) 655 (73.8%)
Education
 Less than high school 267 (12.2%) 79 (12.0%) 66 (10.2%) 122 (13.8%)
 High school or some college 875 (40.0%) 252 (38.4%) 268 (41.4%) 355 (40.2%)
 College graduate 1046 (47.8%) 326 (49.6%) 313 (48.4%) 407 (46.0%)
Household income
 <$25,000 499 (25.0%) 160 (26.5%) 144 (24.0%) 195 (24.7%)
 $25,000-$74,999 1036 (52.0%) 303 (50.2%) 305 (50.7%) 428 (54.2%)
 $75,000+ 459 (23.0%) 140 (23.2%) 152 (25.3%) 167 (21.1%)
History of CVD 373 (17.0%) 107 (16.3%) 104 (16.0%) 162 (18.3%)
History of Diabetes 704 (32.8%) 218 (33.8%) 183 (28.7%) 304 (35.1%)
Current smoking 148 (6.9%) 45 (7.0%) 44 (6.9%) 59 (6.8%)
Number of medications, 9.0 (4.7) 9.1 (4.8) 9.0 (4.7) 9.0 (4.5)
mean (SD)
Hypertension treatment 1677 (76.9%) 486 (74.7%) 500 (77.4%) 691 (78.2%)
Total Cholesterol (mg/dL), mean (SD) 174.8 (39.1) 172.8 (40.1) 172.9 (37.4) 177.7 (39.4)
HDL-C Cholesterol (mg/dL), mean (SD) 52.7 (14.1) 52.2 (14.0) 52.2 (13.8) 53.4 (14.3)
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2)
 <30 59 (2.8%) 20 (3.1%) 16 (2.6%) 23 (2.7%)
 30–59 793 (37.5%) 215 (33.8%) 233 (37.2%) 345 (40.5%)
 60–89 1131 (53.5%) 358 (56.3%) 345 (55.1%) 428 (50.3%)
 90+ 130 (6.2%) 43 (6.8%) 32 (5.1%) 55 (6.5%)
Sport/exercise composite score,a mean (SD) 2.6 (0.8) 2.6 (0.8) 2.6 (0.8) 2.6 (0.8)
SPPB score,b mean (SD) 9.2 (2.6) 9.1 (2.6) 9.3 (2.6) 9.1 (2.7)
 Chair stand,b mean (SD) 2.2 (1.3) 2.1 (1.3) 2.3 (1.3) 2.1 (1.3)
 Summary balance score,b mean (SD) 3.4 (1.1) 3.4 (1.1) 3.5 (1.1) 3.4 (1.2)
 4 meter walk score,b mean (SD) 3.6 (0.8) 3.6 (0.8) 3.6 (0.8) 3.5 (0.8)
Grip strength (kg), mean (SD) 25.9 (13.8) 17.3 (13.3) 35.6 (14.9) 21.3 (4.2)
MMSE score,c mean (SD) 27.8 (2.8) 27.8 (3.0) 27.9 (2.7) 27.8 (2.6)
Dementia 115 (5.3% ) 41 (6.2%) 34 (5.3%) 40 (4.6%)
Moderate to severe hearing loss 562 (27.2%) 155 (25.4%) 166 (26.8%) 241 (28.9%)
CES-Depression scale,d mean (SD) 2.5 (2.6) 2.5 (2.7) 2.5 (2.6) 2.5 (2.6)
a

Composite score ranging from 1 to 5 integrating intensity of and time spent exercising or playing sports during leisure time

b

Short physical performance battery score integrates three components scored 0 to 4 with a total score ranging from 0 to 12

c

Mini mental status examination score ranging from 0 to 30

d

Clinical Epidemiology Studies 11-item Depression scale ranging from 0 to 22

Data presented are N (%) unless otherwise specified. CVD: cardiovascular disease; SBP: systolic blood pressure; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate