. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2023 Apr 12;15(4):e1889. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1889

Table 5:

Select fibrous and hydrogel-based nanomaterials employed as surgical sealants.

Composition	Architecture	Mode of Administration	Ex Vivo Tissue Type Used	Burst Pressure (kPa)	Refs.
Poly(lactide-co-caprolactone)	Fiber	Blowspinning	Pig intestine	40	(Daristotle, Zaki, et al., 2020)
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/poly(ethylene glycol)	Fiber	Blowspinning	Mouse intestine	9	(Behrens et al., 2015; Kern et al., 2017)
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/poly(ethylene glycol)/silica	Fiber	Blowspinning	Pig intestine	19	(Daristotle et al., 2019)
Chitosan film with transglutaminase enzyme	Film	Prefabricated	Collagen membrane / pig intestine	7 / 125	(Fernandez et al., 2017)
Gelatin	Hydrogel	Prefabricated	Pig intestine	60	(Shirzaei Sani, Kheirkhah, et al., 2019)
Gelatin and chondroitin sulfate	Hydrogel	Injection	Pig skin	35	(Zhou et al., 2021)
Four arm poly(ethylene glycol)-N-hydrosuccinimide ester	Hydrogel (glue)	Injection	Pig vein	40	(Bu et al., 2019)
Gelatin methacryloyl with N-(2-aminoethyl)−4-(4-(hydroxymethyl)−2-methoxy-5-nitrosophenoxy) butanamide with hyaluronic acid	Hydrogel	Injection	Pig intestine	40	(Hong et al., 2019)