Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2023 Apr 26;37(6):489–504. doi: 10.1111/ppe.12978

Figure 3. Associations between depressive symptoms and adverse perinatal outcomes among PrIMA study participants.

Figure 3.

aHR: Hazard ratios are from Cox Regression Models, clustered by facility used for outcomes of: pregnancy loss, stillbirth, late stillbirth, preterm birth, neonatal death, any adverse perinatal outcome

bFor instances with case counts ≤5 in an exposure group, we did not perform regression analyses

cCESD-10 score was re-scaled to reflect a 10-unit change in score

dAny adverse perinatal outcome: pregnancy loss, stillbirth, preterm birth, small for gestational age, or neonatal death; among those enrolled <20 weeks and with birthweight data (for live births)

eAny adverse perinatal outcome: pregnancy loss, stillbirth, preterm birth, or neonatal death; among all eligible pregnancies

CESD-10: Center for epidemiologic studies depression scale-10

Mild-SD: Mild-to-severe depressive symptoms

MSD: Moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms

LSS: Low social support

IPV: Intimate partner violence