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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Neurol. 2023 May 18;94(2):384–397. doi: 10.1002/ana.26672

Table 1: Epidemiological Analysis.

The top portion of the table shows the effects of different demographic variables on MS/psoriasis; the bottom portion of the table illustrates the effects of other traits/diseases on MS/psoriasis, after adjusting for the demographic variables

Covariate Demographics Effect on MS Effect on Psoriasis
All MS Psor Both OR (95% CI) P-value OR (95% CI) P-value
Age in Years
 Mean (SD) 		45 (23) 54 (15) 53 (18) 56 (14) 1.47 (1.46–1.48) 1.2×10−4,442 1.49 (1.48–1.49) 1.2×10−24,027
Sex – Male
  Sample Size (%) 		13,645,873 (44.82) 36,302 (0.27) 355,342 (2.60) 1,294 (0.01) Reference group
 – Female
 Sample Size (%) 		16,800,019 (55.18) 105,242 (0.63) 387,577 (2.31) 3,343 (0.02) 2.36 (2.34–2.39) 1.2×10−4,323 0.88 (0.88–0.89) 8.8×10−608
Race – White
 Sample Size (%) 		22,779,120 (74.82) 113,748 (0.50) 591,317 (2.60) 3,886 (0.02) Reference group
 – Asian
 Sample Size (%) 		1,259,402 (4.14) 2,245 (0.18) 28,175 (2.24) 68 (0.01) 0.36 (0.34–0.37) 2.7×10−513 0.86 (0.85–0.87) 8.9×10−135
 – Black
  Sample Size (%) 		3,015,614 (9.90) 15,050 (0.50) 52,679 (1.75) 366 (0.01) 1.00 (0.98–1.02) 0.92 0.67 (0.66–0.67) 7.2×10−1,693
 – Hispanic
 Sample Size (%) 		3,391,756 (11.14) 10,461 (0.31) 70,748 (2.09) 317 (0.01) 0.62 (0.60–0.63) 1.7×10−488 0.80 (0.79–0.81) 4.5×10−676
Trait Sample Size (%) Effect on MS Effect on Psoriasis
All MS Psor Both OR (95% CI) P-value OR (95% CI) P-value
Psoriasis 742,919 (2.44) - - 4,637 (0.02) 1.22 (1.20–1.24) 5.3×10−41 - -
MS 141,544 (0.46) - - 4,637 (0.02) - - 1.24 (1.22–1.26) 8.0×10−47
Type 1 Diabetes 923,543 (3.03) 7,158 (0.78) 33,256 (3.60) 331 (0.04) 1.34 (1.33–1.36) 3.9×10−126 1.14 (1.13–1.15) 4.7×10−115
Type 2 Diabetes 4,767,871 (15.66) 32,595 (0.68) 172,729 (3.62) 1,405 (0.03) 1.24 (1.23–1.25) 1.5×10−211 1.19 (1.19–1.20) 4.8×10−747
Coronary Artery Disease 3,170,317 (10.41) 21,996 (0.69) 119,635 (3.77) 991 (0.03) 1.13 (1.12–1.14) 1.1×10−53 1.03 (1.02–1.03) 8.5×10−15
Rheumatoid Arthritis 813,738 (2.67) 9,495 (1.17) 66,613 (8.19) 813 (0.10) 1.85 (1.83–1.87) 1.0×10−699 3.11 (3.09–3.12) 6.8×10−14,924
Inflammatory Bowel Disease 403,112 (1.32) 3,935 (0.98) 18,686 (4.64) 206 (0.05) 1.76 (1.73–1.79) 6.5×10−265 1.65 (1.64–1.67) 2.8×10−948
Asthma 4,026,381 (13.22) 25,643 (0.64) 116,560 (2.89) 1,128 (0.03) 1.36 (1.35–1.37) 3.9×10−433 1.24 (1.24–1.24) 1.0×10−949
Vitamin D Deficiency 3,937,160 (12.93) 43,555 (1.11) 152,644 (3.88) 1,846 (0.05) 2.30 (2.29–2.32) 1.5×10−3,974 1.42 (1.42–1.43) 1.1×10−2,867
Obesity – Obese 3,256,617 (10.70) 19,918 (0.61) 115,156 (3.54) 806 (0.02) 1.22 (1.21–1.23) 2.4×10−148 1.43 (1.42–1.43) 1.8×10−2,475
 – Morbidly Obese 1,686,290 (5.54) 13,077 (0.78) 67,983 (4.03) 646 (0.04) 1.47 (1.46–1.48) 1.1×10−370 1.68 (1.67–1.69) 4.5×10−3,350
Smoking 4,605,396 (15.13) 38,163 (0.83) 174,563 (3.79) 1,587 (0.03) 1.78 (1.77–1.79) 3.5×10−1,857 1.38 (1.38–1.39) 2.6×10−2,738
Alcohol Use Disorder 836,527 (2.75) 5,491 (0.66) 31,853 (3.81) 238 (0.03) 1.53 (1.51–1.55) 1.8×10−204 1.43 (1.42–1.44) 4.7×10−803