Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addiction. 2023 May 11;118(9):1675–1686. doi: 10.1111/add.16210

Figure 1:

Figure 1:

Age of Alcohol, Opioid, and Nicotine Dependence Diagnoses by European or African Ancestry and Low, Medium, and High Polygenic Risk Scores for Alcohol Use Disorder, Opioid Use Disorder, and Smoking Trajectory, Respectively