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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addiction. 2023 May 11;118(9):1675–1686. doi: 10.1111/add.16210

Table 3:

Effect of Alcohol Use Disorder Polygenic Risk Score on Age of Onset and Progression of Alcohol-Related Measures by Population Group

European Ancestry African Ancestry
Outcome Measure B SE HR 95% CI P-Value Adjusted P-Value R2 B SE HR 95% CI P-Value Adjusted P-Value R2
Age of First Use 0.057 0.014 1.06 1.03–1.09 <0.001 <0.001 0.3% 0.015 0.017 1.02 0.98–1.05 0.382 0.382 0.0%
Age of Regular Use 0.060 0.015 1.06 1.03–1.10 <0.001 <0.001 0.3% 0.046 0.018 1.05 1.01–1.09 0.013 0.039 0.1%
Age First Brought Up Problems 0.173 0.023 1.19 1.14–1.24 <0.001 <0.001 1.0% 0.065 0.027 1.07 1.01–1.13 0.019 0.057 0.1%
Age of Diagnosis of AD 0.136 0.019 1.15 1.10–1.19 <0.001 <0.001 0.8% 0.086 0.023 1.09 1.04–1.14 0.0002 0.001 0.2%
Regular Use to Brought Up Problems 0.133 0.024 1.14 1.09–1.20 <0.001 <0.001 0.6% 0.034 0.029 1.04 0.98–1.09 0.236 0.382 0.0%
Regular Use to AD Diagnosis 0.096 0.021 1.10 1.06–1.15 <0.001 <0.001 0.4% 0.061 0.025 1.06 1.01–1.12 0.015 0.045 0.1%

Note: All models include sex, age, and the first 10 ancestry principal components. Progression models (Regular Use to …) also include Age of Regular Use as a covariate and the interaction between time and Age of Regular Use because the proportional hazards assumption was violated. Events=number of individuals meeting the milestone or progression event, SE=standard error, HR=hazard ratio, 95%CI=95% confidence interval, R2=incremental pseudo R-squared, AD=alcohol dependence