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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Fam Psychol. 2023 Jun 15;37(6):864–874. doi: 10.1037/fam0001117

Table 1.

PCTICs Codes and Definitions

Code Definition

Monitoring EA Disclosure Discloses information about behavior, wellbeing, activities, relationships, whereabouts.
Parent Solicitation Asks questions about behavior, wellbeing, activities, relationships, whereabouts
Parent Control Reminders of expectations and rules for behavior. Usually directive, actionable, and/or unsolicited.

EA Warmth Expressions of care, concern, support, or encouragement. Facilitates a positive connection. May include endearments,
Parent Warmth expressions of affection and love, warm greetings, and compliments.
Responsiveness EA Emotional/Esteem Support Seeking Conveys desire for emotional or esteem support. Includes disclosure of distressing emotions, requests for emotional/esteem support.
Parent Emotional/Esteem Support Provision Discusses provision of emotional or esteem support. Occurs in the context of a need or support seeking.
EA Instrumental Support Seeking Includes requests or disclosures that seem intended to elicit tangible support (including favors, money, or goods).
Parent Instrumental Support Provision Discusses provision of tangible aid. May include favors, gifts, money. Occurs in context of need or support seeking.
EA Advice Seeking Solicits advice or guidance.
Parent Advice Provision Demonstrates provision of advice or guidance. Usually solicited, non-directive, or teaching.