Table 4.
TED Patients with and without Vision-Threatening Manifestations by demographic characteristics, Diabetes and Smoking history
| Univariable | Multivariable§ | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | TED Patients without VTM |
TED Patients with VTM |
P value | OR | 95% CI | P-Value | OR | 95% CI | P-Value | |||
| N | (%) | N | (%) | |||||||||
| All Patients | 33,660 | (100) | 7,551 | (18) | ||||||||
| Age Group (years) | 18-<30 | 1,234 | (4) | 207 | (3) | < 0.0001 | [Ref] | |||||
| 30-39 | 2,521 | (7) | 476 | (6) | 1.16 | (0.97, 1.40) | 0.11 | 1.14 | (0.95, 1.38) | 0.16 | ||
| 40-49 | 4,487 | (13) | 916 | (12) | 1.28 | (1.08, 1.52) | 0.005 | 1.25 | (1.05, 1.49) | 0.01 | ||
| 50-59 | 8,293 | (25) | 1,845 | (24) | 1.37 | (1.17, 1.62) | 0.0001 | 1.32 | (1.12, 1.55) | 0.001 | ||
| 60-69 | 9,865 | (29) | 2,211 | (29) | 1.38 | (1.17, 1.62) | 0.0001 | 1.30 | (1.11, 1.54) | 0.002 | ||
| 70+ | 7,260 | (22) | 1,896 | (25) | 1.61 | (1.37, 1.90) | <0.0001 | 1.51 | (1.28, 1.79) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Gender | Male | 6,129 | (18) | 1,321 | (17) | 0.15 | [Ref] | |||||
| Female | 27,531 | (82) | 6,230 | (83) | 1.03 | (0.97, 1.11) | 0.27 | 1.12 | (1.04, 1.20) | 0.002 | ||
| Race | White | 24,344 | (72) | 5,695 | (75) | < 0.0001 | [Ref] | |||||
| Asian | 872 | (3) | 178 | (2) | 0.88 | (0.74, 1.03) | 0.12 | 1.01 | (0.85, 1.20) | 0.92 | ||
| Black or African American | 3,288 | (10) | 765 | (10) | 0.97 | (0.89, 1.05) | 0.44 | 1.01 | (0.92, 1.10) | 0.84 | ||
| Other | 373 | (1) | 91 | (1) | 1.02 | (0.81, 1.30) | 0.86 | 1.06 | (0.83, 1.35) | 0.63 | ||
| Unknown | 4,783 | (14) | 822 | (11) | ** | 0.72 | (0.66, 0.79) | <0.0001 | 0.89 | (0.81, 0.98) | 0.02 | |
| Ethnicity | Not Hispanic | 25,999 | (77) | 6,268 | (83) | < 0.0001 | [Ref] | |||||
| Hispanic | 1,488 | (4) | 361 | (5) | 1.01 | (0.90, 1.15) | 0.81 | 1.14 | (1.00, 1.29) | 0.05 | ||
| Unknown | 6,173 | (18) | 922 | (12) | ** | 0.61 | (0.57, 0.66) | <0.0001 | 0.67 | (0.61, 0.73) | < 0.0001 | |
| Geographic Region | South | 8,364 | (25) | 2,047 | (27) | < 0.0001 | [Ref] | |||||
| Midwest | 7,012 | (21) | 1,504 | (20) | 0.88 | (0.81, 0.95) | 0.001 | 0.82 | (0.76, 0.89) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Northeast | 5,358 | (16) | 1,319 | (17) | 0.99 | (0.92, 1.08) | 0.89 | 1.06 | (0.98, 1.15) | 0.18 | ||
| West | 4,556 | (14) | 976 | (13) | 0.86 | (0.79, 0.94) | 0.001 | 0.92 | (0.84, 1.00) | 0.06 | ||
| Unknown | 8,370 | (25) | 1,705 | (23) | ** | 0.82 | (0.76, 0.88) | <0.0001 | 0.88 | (0.81, 0.95) | 0.0006 | |
| Type I Diabetes Mellitus | No | 32,966 | (98) | 7,032 | (93) | < 0.0001 | [Ref] | |||||
| Yes | 694 | (2) | 519 | (7) | 3.59 | (3.19, 4.05) | <0.0001 | 3.36 | (2.95, 3.83) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Type II Diabetes Mellitus | No | 28,754 | (85) | 6,097 | (81) | < 0.0001 | [Ref] | |||||
| Yes | 4,906 | (15) | 1,454 | (19) | 1.39 | (1.30, 1.49) | <0.0001 | 1.06 | (0.98, 1.14) | 0.12 | ||
| Smoking Status | Never | 17,616 | (52) | 3,604 | (48) | < 0.0001 | [Ref] | |||||
| Former | 7,628 | (23) | 1,895 | (25) | 1.21 | (1.14, 1.29) | <0.0001 | 1.17 | (1.09, 1.24) | < 0.0001 | ||
| Current | 5,942 | (18) | 1,656 | (22) | 1.36 | (1.28, 1.45) | <0.0001 | 1.30 | (1.21, 1.39) | < 0.0001 | ||
Abbreviations: TED = Thyroid Eye Disease; VTM = Vision Threatening Manifestation; CI = Confidence Interval; Ref = Reference.
Unless otherwise noted, p-value of the association between each factor and VTM was derived using the Chi-Square test of association.
Category not included as part of the statistical test.
Multivariable logistic regression model contained all of the above factors (age group, gender, geographic region, race, ethnicity, smoking status, type I diabetes, type II diabetes). Patients with unknown smoking status were excluded from the analyses (TED Patients w/o VTMs (N=2474); Patients with VTMs (N=396). Bold values indicate statistically significant results (p<0.05).