TABLE 4.

Causes of copper deficiency (adapted from Myint et al)

Causes	Diseases
Drug‐related	Excessive zinc ingestion (from dental paste, excessive oral supplementation or in Wilson's disease treatment) or iron supplements
Decreased/inadequate intake	Anorexic patients, malnutrition, Kwashiorkor, vegetarian, parenteral or enteral nutrition without adequate copper supplements
Increase copper loss or inadequate absorption	Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), celiac disease, bypass surgery, gastrectomy, prolonged diarrhea, protein‐losing enteropathy, tropical and non‐tropical spure
Increase demand	Pregnant women, lactating women, premature infants, children
Hereditary	Menkes disease