| BMMSCs | bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells |
| BMP | bone morphogenetic protein |
| COMP | cartilage oligomeric matrix protein |
| ECM | extracellular matrix |
| EV | extracellular vesicle |
| FBS | fetal bovine serum |
| FGF | fibroblast growth factor |
| GAG | glycosaminoglycan |
| IGF | Insulin growth factor |
| IL | interleukin |
| MenSCs | menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells |
| MMP | matrix metalloproteinase |
| MSCs | mesenchymal stem cells |
| OA | osteoarthritis |
| PS | penicillin/streptomycin |
| TGF | transforming growth factor |